1887

Abstract

Summary: Trichomes of an sp. suspended in soft agar in Petri dishes showed active movement away from areas where gaseous exchange had been prevented by placing glass coverslips on the surface. This clearance response occurred only in the light and it was related to gradients of inorganic carbon that formed in the agar layer. In plates incubated in the dark trichomes accumulated in the central areas below glass coverslips but the substance eliciting this response could not be identified. Gradients of diffusible substances were established within lawns of cyanobacteria suspended in soft agar and it was demonstrated that trichomes of sp. moved towards CO. HCO and O in light-dependent chemotactic reactions. No chemotaxis occurred in response to these substances in the dark. The chemotactic responses were detected after 2 h but became increasingly distinct up to 8 h. The chemotactically active concentration of CO was greater than the atmospheric concentration since trichomes moved from air towards a source of CO. Using diffusivity coefficients it was calculated that trichomes of sp. accumulated at a CO partial pressure of 0.02 bar (equivalent to 0.83 m). With O as the chemoattractant the value was 0.35 bar (14.56 m). These results are discussed with reference to the roles of inorganic carbon and O in cyanobacterial metabolism and it is concluded that chemotactic behaviour may be important in movements within the photic zone of sediment environments.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-10-2643
1985-10-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/131/10/mic-131-10-2643.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-10-2643&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Abelovich A., Shilo M. 1972; Photooxidative death in blue-green algae. Journul of Bacreriology 111:682–689
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Booker M. J., Walsby A. F. 1981; Bloom formation and stratification by a planktonic blue-green alga in an experimental water column. British Phyclogical journol 16:411–421
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Carslaw H. S., Jaeger J.C. 1959 Conduction of leaf in Solids. 2nd edn Oxford: University Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Castenholz R.W. 1982; Motility and taxes. In The Biology of Cyanobacteria pp 413–440 Carr N. G., Whitton B.A. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications;
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Cooper K.E. ( 1963; The theory of antibiotic inhibition zones. In Analrtical Microbiology vol 1 pp 1–83 Kavanagh F. London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Crowle A. J. 1973 Immunodiffusion. 2nd edn London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Doemel W. N., Brock T.D. 1977; Structure,growth and decomposition of laminated algal-bacterial mats in alkaline hot springs. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 34:433–452
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Fechner R. ( 1915; Die Chemotaxis der Oscillarien und ihre Bewegungsercheinungen uberhaupt. Zeitschrift fiir Botanik 7:289–364
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Golterman H.L., Clymo R. S., Ohnstad M. A. M. 1978 Methods for Physical and Chemical Analysis of Frcsh1rnters, 2nd edn Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications;
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Hader D.P. 1979a; Effect of inhibitors and uncouplers on light-induced potential changes triggering photophobic responses. Archires of Microbiology 120:57–63
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Hader D.P. 1979b; Photomovement. In Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology. New Series. Volume 7. Physicology of Movements pp 268–309 Haupt N., Feinleib M. E. Berlin: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Halfen L. N., Castenholz R.W. 1971; Gliding motility in the blue-green alga Oscillatoria princeps. Journal of Phycology 7:133–145
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Jorgensen B. B. 1980; Mineralization and the bacterial cycling of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur in marine sediments. In Contemporary Microhial Ecology pp 239–251 Ellwood D.C., Hedger J. N., Latham M. J., Lynch J. M., Slater J.H. London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Jorgensen B. B. 1983; The microbial sulphur cycle. In M icrohial Geochemistry pp 91–124 Krumbein W.F. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Jorgensen B.B., Revsbech N.P. 1985; Diffusive boundary layers and the oxygen uptake of sediments and detritus. Limnology and Oceanography 30:111–122
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Jorgensen B. B., Revsbech N. P., Blackburn T.H., Cohen Y. 1979; Diurnal cycle of oxygen and sulphide microgradients and microbial photosynthesis in a cyanobacterial mat sediment. Applied and Encironmental Microbiology 38:46–58
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Kenyo C. N., Rippka R., Stanier R. Y. 1972; Fatty acid composition and physiological properties of some filamentous blue-green algae. Archir fur Mikrobiologie 83:216–236
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Krumbein W.E., Potts M. 1978; Light penetration, salinity, and other growth regulating factors of four stromatolitic environments along the shores of the Gulf of Aqaba (Sinai). In Abstracts of the 10th International Congress on Sedimentology vol 1 p 363 Friedman G. M. Israel: Jerusalem;
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Lorimer G. H. 1981; The carboxylation and oxygenation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate: the primary events in photosynthesis and photorespiration. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 32:349–383
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Malin G., Walsby A.E. 1985; Chemotactic responses of Oscillatoria sp. to gradients of atmospheric gases. (Abstract.). British Phycological Journal 20:189
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Marker A. F. H., Nusch E. A., Raj H., Reimann B. 1980; The measurement of photosynthetic pigments in freshwaters and standardisation of methods: conclusions and recommendations. Archiv fur Hydrohiologie 14:91–106
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Miller L. S., Holt S. C. 1977; Effect of carbon dioxide on pigment and membrane content in Synechococcus lividus. Archives of Microhiology 115:185–198
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Murvanidze G. V., Gabai V. L., Glagolev A. N. 1982; Taxic responses in Phormidium uncinatum. Journal of General Microbiology 128:1623–1630
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Nultsch W., Hader D.P. 1979; Photomovement of motile microorganisms. Photochemistry and Photobiology 29:423–437
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Oren A., Fattom A., Padan E., Tietz A. 1985; Unsaturated fatty acid composition and biosynthesis in Oscillatoria /inmetica and other cyanobacteria. Arehires of M icrohiology 141:138–142
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Pentecost A. 1984; Effects of sedimentation and light intensity on mat-forming Oscillatoriaceae with particular reference to Microcoleus lynghyaceus Gomont. Journal a/General Microhiology 130:983–990
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Princen H. M., Mason S. G. 1965; The permeability of soap films to gases. Journal of Colloid Science 20:353–375
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Revsbech N. P., Ward D. M. 1984; Microprofiles of dissolved substances and photosynthesis in microbial mats measured with microelectrodes. In Microhial Mats: Stromatolites pp 171–188 Cohen Y., Castenholz R. W. New York: Alan R.Liss;
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Revsbech N. P., Jorgensen B. B., Brix O. 1981; Primary production of microalgae in sediments measured by oxygen microprofile, H14CO3-fixation and oxygen exchange methods. Limnology and Oceanography 26:717–730
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Stewart W. D. P., Pearson H. W. 1970; Effects of aerobic and anaerobic conditions on growth and metabolism of blue-green algae. Proceedings of the Royal Society B175:293–311
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Talling J. F. 1976; The depletion of carbon dioxide from lake water by phytoplankton. Journal of Ecology 64:79–121
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Vanliere L., Walsby A. E. 1982; Interactions of cyanobacteria with light. In The Biology of Cyanohacteria pp 9–45 Carr N. G., Whitton B. A. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications;
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Whale G. F., Walsby A. E. 1984; Motility of the cyanobacterium Microcoleus chthonoplastes in mud. British Phycological Journal 19:117–123
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-10-2643
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-10-2643
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error