1887

Abstract

The microbial diversity of two types of methanogenic granular sludge, mesophilic (35 °C) and thermophilic (55 °C), which had been treating sucrose/propionate/acetate-based artificial wastewater were compared. 16S rDNA clone libraries were constructed by PCR with a prokaryote-specific primer set, and partial sequencing of the clonal 16S rDNAs was conducted for phylogenetic analysis. Of 115 mesophilic granule and 110 thermophilic granule clones sequenced, 19 and 22%, respectively, were phylogenetically affiliated with the domain and the remainder in each case were assigned to the domain Within the domain the 16S rDNA clones in both libraries showed relatively close relationships with those of methanogens. Within the a major group represented in the mesophilic clone library was the delta subclass of the (27%), in which high degrees of relatedness were observed between the clonal 16S rDNA sequences and those of previously identified syntrophic bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria. In contrast, in the thermophilic clone library, the group (19%), the green non-sulfur bacteria (18%) and the low G+C subclass of the Gram-positive bacteria (18%) were predominant. A significant difference between the two libraries was that no clone affiliated with the was detected in the thermophilic clone library, whereas the was the most predominant group in the mesophilic clones. Thirty-six and 24 different sequences were found in the mesophilic and thermophilic clones, respectively, suggesting that the microbial diversity of the thermophilic granule was lower than that of the mesophilic granule.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-9-2655
1998-09-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/144/9/mic-144-9-2655.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-9-2655&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Altschul S.F., Gish W., Miller W., Myers E.W., Lipman D.J. 1990; Basic local alignment search tool.. J Mol Biol 215:403–410
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Amann R.I., Binder B.J., Olson R.J., Chisholm S.W., Devereux R., Stahl D.A. 1990; Combination of 16S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes with flow cytometry for analyzing mixed microbial populations.. Appl Environ Microbiol 56:1919–1925
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bachmann B.J. 1955; Studies on Cytophaga fermentans, n. sp., a facultatively anaerobic lower myxobacterium.. J Gen Microbiol 13:541–551
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Boone D.R., Bryant M.P. 1980; Propionate-degrading bac-terium, Syntrophobacter ivolinii sp. nov. gen. nov., from methanogenic ecosystems.. Appl Environ Microbiol 40:626–632
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Cummins C. S., Johnson J.J. 1991; The genus Propionibacterium - nonmedical.. In The Prokaryotes pp. 834–850 Edited by Balows A., Trüper H. G., Dworkin M., Harder W., Schleifer K.-H. New York: Springer;
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Farrelly V., Rainey F.A., Stackebrandt E. 1995; Effect of genome size and rrn gene copy number on PCR amplification of 16S rRNA genes from a mixture of bacterial species.. Appl Environ Microbiol 61:2798–2801
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Felsenstein J. 1985; Confidence limits of phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap.. Evolution 39:783–791
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Godon J.-J., Zumstein E., Dabert P., Habouzit F., Moletta R. 1997; Molecular microbial diversity of an anaerobic digestor as determined by small-subunit rDNA sequence analysis.. Appl Environ Microbiol 63:2802–2813
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Grotenhuis J.T.C., Smit M., Plugge C.M., Yuansheng X., van Lammeren A.A.M., Stams A.J.M., Zehnder A.J.B. 1991; Bacteriological composition and structure of granular sludge adapted to different substrate.. Appl Environ Microbiol 57:1942–1949
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Hardie J.M., Whiley R.A. 1991; The genus Streptococcus - oral.. In The Prokaryotes pp. 1421–1449 Edited by Balows A., Trüper H. G., Dworkin M., Harder W., Schleifer K.-H. New York: Springer;
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Harmsen H.J.M. 1996 Detection, phylogeny and population dynamics of syntrophic propionate-oxidizing bacteria in anaerobic granular sludge PhD thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Harmsen H.J.M., Kengen H.M.P., Akkermans A.D.L., Stams A.J.M., de Vos W.M. 1996; Detection and localization of syntrophic propionate-oxidizing bacteria in granular sludge by in situ hybridization using 16S rRNA-based oligonucleotide probes.. Appl Environ Microbiol 62:1656–1663
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Henry E.A., Devereux R., Maki J.S., Gilmour C.C., Woese C.R., Mandelco L., Schauder R., Remsen C.C., Mitchell R. 1994; Characterization of a new thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii, gen. nov. and sp. nov.: its phylogenetic relation to Thermodesulfobacterium commune and their origins deep within the bacterial domain.. Arch Microbiol 161:62–69
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Hippe H., Andreesen J.R., Gottschalk G. 1991; The genus Clostridium - nonmedical.. In The Prokaryotes pp. 1800–1866 Edited by Balows A., Trüper H. G., Dworkin M., Harder W., Schleifer K.-H. New York: Springer;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Kamagata Y., Kawasaki H., Oyaizu H., Nakamura K., Mikami E., Endo G., Koga Y., Yamasato K. 1992; Characterization of three thermophilic strains of Methanothrix (‘Methanosaeta’) thermophila sp. nov. and rejection of Methanothrix (‘ Methano-saeta’) thermoacetophila.. Int J Sy st Bacteriol 42:463–468
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kumar S., Tomura K., Nei M. 1993; mega: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis, version 1·0. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University..
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Lane D.J. 1991; 16S/23S rRNA sequencing.. In Nucleic Acid Techniques in Bacterial Systematics pp. 115–175 Edited by Stackebrandt E., Goodfellow M. Chichester: Wiley;
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Lettinga G. 1995; Anaerobic digestion and wastewater treatment systems.. Antonie Leeuwenhoek 67:3–28
    [Google Scholar]
  19. van Lier J.B. 1996; Limitations of thermophilic anaerobic wastewater treatment and the consequences for process design.. Antonie Leeuwenhoek 69:1–14
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Liesack W., Weyland H., Stackebrandt E. 1991; Potential risks of gene amplification by PCR as determined by 16S rDNA analysis of a mixed-culture of strict barophilic bacteria.. Microb Ecol 21:191–198
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Macario A.J.L., Visser F.A., van Lier J.B., Conway deMacario E. 1991; Topography of methanogenic subpopulations in a microbial consortium adapting to thermophilic conditions.. J Gen Microbiol 137:2179–2189
    [Google Scholar]
  22. MacLeod F.A., Guiot S.R., Costerton J.W. 1990; Layered structure of bacterial aggregates produced in an upflow anaerobic sludge bed and filter reactor.. Appl Environ Microbiol 56:1598–1607
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Maidak B.L., Olsen G.J., Larsen N., Overbeek R., McCaughey M.J., Woese C.R. 1997; The RDP (Ribosomal Database Project).. Nucleic Acids Res 25:109–110
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Ohkuma M., Kudo T. 1996; Phylogenetic diversity of the intestinal bacterial community in the termite Reticulitermes speratus.. Appl Environ Microbiol 62:461–468
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Patel G.B., Sprott G.D. 1990; Methanosaeta concilii gen. nov., sp. nov.(‘Methanothrix concilii’) and Methanosaeta thermoacetophila nom. rev., comb. nov.. Int J Syst Bacteriol 40:79–82
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Saito N., Nei M. 1987; The neighbor-joining method: a new method for constructing phylogenetic trees.. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Samain E., Dubourguier H.C., Albagnac G. 1984; Isolation and characterization of Desulfobulbus elongatus sp. nov. from a mesophilic industrial digester.. Syst Appl Microbiol 5:391–401
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Schmidt J.E., Ahring B.K. 1995; Granulation in thermophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors.. Antonie Leeuwenhoek 68:339–344
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Stahl D.A., Amann R. 1991; Development and application of nucleic acid probes.. In Nucleic Acid Techniques in Bacterial Systematics, pp. 205–248 Edited by Stackebrandt E., Goodfellow M. Chichester: Wiley;
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Stams A.J.M., Grotenhuis J.T.C., Zehnder A.J.B. 1989; Structure-function relationship in granular sludge.. In Recent Advances in Microbial Ecology pp. 440–445 Edited by Hattori T., Ishida Y., Maruyama Y., Morita R. Y., Uchida A. Tokyo: Japan Scientific Society;
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Stams A.J.M., Grolle K.C.F., Frijters C.T.M.J., van Lier J.B. 1992; Enrichment of thermophilic propionate-oxidizing bacteria in syntrophy with Meth anobacterium thermoautotrophicum or Meth anobacterium thermoformicicum.. Appl Environ Microbiol 58:346–352
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Stams A.J.M., van Dijk J.B., Dijkema C., Plugge C.M. 1993; Growth of syntrophic propionate-oxidizing bacteria with fumarate in the absence of methanogenic bacteria.. Appl Environ Microbiol 59:1114–1119
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Suzuki M.T., Giovannoni S.J. 1996; Bias caused by template annealing in the amplification of mixtures of 16S rRNA genes by PCR.. Appl Environ Microbiol 62:625–630
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Svetlitshnyi V., Rainey F., Wiegel J. 1996; Thermosyntropha lipolytica gen. nov., sp. nov., a lipolytic, anaerobic, alkalitolerant, thermophilic bacterium utilizing short- and long-chain fatty acids in syntrophic coculture with a methanogenic archaeum.. Int J Syst Bacterial 46:1131–1137
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Thompson J.D., Higgins D.G., Gibson T.J. 1994; clustal w: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice.. Nucleic Acids Res 22:4673–4680
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Tsai Y.-L., Olson B.H. 1991; Rapid method for direct extraction of DNA from soil and sediments.. Appl Environ Microbiol 57:1070–1074
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Ward D.M., Weller R., Bateson M.M. 1990; 16S rRNA sequences reveal numerous uncultured microorganisms in a natural community.. Nature 345:63–65
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Weisburg W.G., Barns S.M., Pelletier D.A., Lane D.J. 1991; 16S ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study.. J Bacteriol 173:697–703
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Widdel F., Pfennig N. 1982; Studies on dissimilatory sulfate-reducing bacteria that decompose fatty acids. II Incomplete oxidation of propionate by Desulfobulbus propionicus gen. nov., sp. nov.. Arch Microbiol 131:360–365
    [Google Scholar]
  40. Wiegant W.M. 1986 Thermophilic anaerobic digestion for waste and wastewater treatment PhD thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University
    [Google Scholar]
  41. Wilson K.H., Blitchington R.B. 1996; Human colonic biota studied by ribosomal DNA sequence analysis.. Appl Environ Microbiol 62:2273–2278
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Wise M.G., McArthur J.V., Shimkets L.J. 1997; Bacterial diversity of a Carolina bay as determined by 16S rRNA gene analysis: confirmation of novel taxa.. Appl Environ Microbiol 63:1505–1514
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Woese C.R. 1987; Bacterial evolution.. Microbiol Rev 51:221–271
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Woese C.R., Kandler O., Wheelis M.L. 1990; Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya.. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:4576–4579
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Wu W.-M., Jain M.K., Conway de Macario E., Thiele J.H., Zeikus J.G. 1992; Microbial composition and characterization of prevalent methanogens and acetogens isolated from syntrophic methanogenic granules.. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 38:282–290
    [Google Scholar]
  46. Zhilina T.N., llarionov S.A. 1985; Characteristics of formate- assimilating methane bacteria and description of Methanobacterium thermoformicicum sp. nov.. Microbiology (English translation of Mikrobiologiya) 53:647–651
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-9-2655
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-9-2655
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error