1887

Abstract

is a facultative intracellular pathogen that is capable of causing disease in a range of hosts. Although human salmonellosis is frequently associated with consumption of contaminated poultry and eggs, and the serotypes and are important world-wide pathogens of poultry, little is understood of the mechanisms of pathogenesis of in the chicken. Type III secretion systems play a key role in host cell invasiveness and trigger the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines during invasion of mammalian hosts. This results in a polymorphonuclear cell influx that contributes to the resulting enteritis. In this study, a chicken primary cell culture model was used to investigate the cytokine responses to entry by the broad host range serotypes and , and the host specific serotype , which rarely causes disease outside its main host, the chicken. The cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and interferon (IFN)-γ were measured by quantitative RT-PCR, and production of IL-6 and IFN-γ was also determined through bioassays. All serotypes were invasive and had little effect on the production of IFN-γ compared with non-infected cells; invasion caused a slight down-regulation of IL-2 production. For IL-1β production, infection with had little effect, whilst infection with or caused a reduction in IL-1β mRNA levels. Invasion of and caused an eight- to tenfold increase in production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, whilst invasion by caused no increase. These findings correlate with the pathogenesis of in poultry. and invasion produces a strong inflammatory response, that may limit the spread of largely to the gut, whilst does not induce an inflammatory response and may not be limited by the immune system, leading to the severe systemic disease fowl typhoid.

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2000-12-01
2024-03-29
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