1887

Abstract

SUMMARY: The vast increase in the population density of the rumen flagellate shortly after the host animal has commenced eating is caused by stimulation of a reproductive body on a vegetative phase of the organism to differentiate and liberate the flagellates. The stimulant is a component of the host's diet. The vegetative stage of bears a strong morphological resemblance to that of certain species of aquatic phycomycete fungi, and consists of a reproductive body borne on a single, much branched rhizoid. The flagellates liberated within 15 to 45 min of feeding lose their motility within 1 h and develop into the vegetative phase, thus producing a rapid decrease in population density of the flagellates. Conditions for maximum flagellate production are similar to those ocfnring in the rumen: pH 6·5, 39 °C, absence of O, presence of CO. Differentiation of the reproductive body is inhibited by compounds affecting membrane structure and function, but not by inhibitors of protein synthesis. The organism was cultured in an undefined medium in the absence of bacteria or other flagellates.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-91-2-249
1975-12-01
2024-04-23
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/91/2/mic-91-2-249.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-91-2-249&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Abou Akkada A. R., Bartley E. E., Berube R., Fina L. R., Meyer R. M., Henricks D., Julius F. 1968; Simple method to remove completely ciliate protozoa from adult ruminants. Applied Microbiology 16:1475–1477
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bovee E. C. 1961; Inquilinic protozoa from freshwater gastropods. II.Callimastix jolepsi n.sp., from the intestine of the pulmonate freshwater snail, Helisoma duryi Say, in Florida. Quarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences 24:208–214
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Braune R. 1913; Untersuchungen über die im Wiederkauermagen vorkommenden Protozoen. Archiv für Protistenkunde 32:111–170
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Das Gupta M. 1935; Preliminary observations on the protozoan fauna of the Indian goat, Capra hircusLinn. Archiv für Protistenkunde 85:153–172
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Diamond L. S. 1957; The establishment of various trichomonads of animals and man in axenic cultures. Journal of Parasitology 43:488–490
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Eadie J. M. 1962; The development of rumen microbial populations in lambs and calves under various conditions of management. Journal of General Microbiology 29:563–578
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Hsuing T. S. 1930; A monograph on the protozoa of the large intestine of the horse. Iowa State College Journal of Science 4:359–424
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Hungate R. E. 1966; The rumen as a continuous fermentation system. In The Rumen and Its Microbes. New York: Academic Press.;
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Huyden S. 1955; A turbidimetric method for the determination of higher polyethylene glycols in biological materials. Kungliga Lantbrukshögskolans annaler 28:139–145
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Kudo R. R. 1954 In Protozoology, 4. Illinois: Thomas Springfield.;
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Orpin C. G. 1974; The rumen flagellateCallimastix frontalis: does sequestration occur?. Journal of General Microbiology 84:395–398
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Sparrow F. K. Jun 1960 In Aquatic Phycomycetes, 2. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.;
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Vavra J., Joyon L. 1966; Étude sur la morphologie, le cycle évolutif et la position systematique deCallimastix cyclopis, Weissenburg 1912. Protistologia 2:5–16
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Warner A. C. I. 1966; Diurnal changes in the concentrations of micro-organisms in the rumens of sheep fed limited diets once daily. Journal of General Microbiology 45:213–235
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Weissenberg R. 1912; Callimastix cyclopis n.g., n.sp., ein geisseltragendes Protozoon aus dem Serum vonCyclops. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 5:299–305
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Weissenberg R. 1950; The development and affinities ofCallimastix cyclopis Weissenberg, a parasitic microorganism from the serum of cyclops. Proceedings of the American Society of Protozoologists 1:4–5
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-91-2-249
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-91-2-249
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error