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Abstract

We investigated the potential of bacteriophages alone as well as in combination with xylitol for tackling mixed-species biofilm of and . When mixed-species biofilm was established on polycarbonate discs, formed the base layer which was physically shielded on the top by Thereafter, mixed-species biofilm was treated with bacteriophages. -specific depolymerase-producing phage KPO1K2 caused significant reduction in the count of . In contrast, -specific non-depolymerase-producing phage Pa29 failed to cause any reduction in the count of . However, application of both phages together resulted in significant reduction in the count of both organisms. This suggests that depolymerase produced by phage KPO1K2 hydrolysed the top layer of and guided the entry of Pa29 to reach lying underneath. This phenomenon was confirmed when -specific non-depolymerase-producing phage NDP was used along with Pa29. Pa29 could not penetrate and reach its host bacterium. Xylitol worked synergistically along with the phage, resulting in a significant decrease in counts of both organisms. Disruption of mixed species biofilm by phage and xylitol was confirmed on the basis of the amount of protein and DNA released. This phage-based approach to altering the structural pattern and disrupting the mixed species biofilm is the first of its kind. It can be used as a topical application, a coating for foreign bodies or for aerosol delivery to tackle infections where both pathogens coexist in a biofilm mode.

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2015-07-01
2024-03-28
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