1887

Abstract

Synthesis of the YtfE protein, also known as RIC, for the repair of damaged iron centres, is highly induced during anaerobic growth under conditions of nitrosative stress. How YtfE repairs nitrosative damage remains unclear. Contrary to previous reports, we show that strains defective in YtfE that lack the high-affinity NO reductase activity of the hybrid cluster protein (Hcp) are less sensitive to nitrosative stress than isogenic strains, which are extremely sensitive. Evidence that this sensitivity is due to YtfE-dependent release of NO into the cytoplasm includes: relief of growth inhibition by PTIO (2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide), which degrades NO; relief of nitrosative stress by deletion of encoding the nitrate reductase that is the major source of NO from nitrite; partial suppression of nitrosative stress due to loss of Hcp function by a further mutation in ; YtfE-dependent loss of aconitase and fumarase activities in the absence of Hcp; and YtfE-dependent relief of NsrR repression of the promoter in response to cytoplasmic NO. We suggest that a major role for YtfE is to reverse nitrosative damage by releasing, directly or indirectly, NO from nitrosylated proteins into the cytoplasm where the high-affinity NO reductase activity of Hcp ensures its reduction to NO. If so, the concerted action of YtfE and Hcp would not only maintain the cytoplasmic concentration of NO in the low nM range, but also provide a rationalization for the coordinate regulation of Hcp and YtfE synthesis by NsrR.

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2018-04-01
2024-03-29
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