1887

Abstract

The gene encodes sulphonamide resistance (Sul) and is commonly found in from different hosts. We typed isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and compared the results to sequence variation of , in order to investigate the relation to host origin of pathogenic and commensal strains and to investigate whether transfer of into different genomic lineages has happened multiple times. Sixty-eight isolated in Denmark and Norway from different hosts and years were MLST typed and PCR products were sequenced and compared. PFGE was performed in a subset of isolates. All isolates were divided into 45 different sequence types (STs), with clonal complexes CC10, CC23, CC168, CC350 and CC69 being the most frequent. The gene from the majority of strains had only two point mutations, at positions 159 and 197, leading to a synonymous and a non-synonymous change, respectively. Five strains had extra single mutations. All poultry, poultry meat, and Danish human blood isolates had the same ST and some of these strains clustered under the same MLST STs, indicating that they shared habitats. Most PFGE profiles clustered according to source, but some included different sources. Sul from different animals, food, human faeces and infections did not cluster according to their origin, suggesting that these habitats share and gene types. However, while pig isolates on one occasion clustered with urinary tract infection isolates, poultry isolates seemed more related to isolates from bloodstream infections in humans. Presence of mainly two types of the gene in both human and animal isolates, irrespective of date and geography, and the presence of both types in the same clonal lineages, suggest horizontal transfer of .

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/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.024190-0
2009-03-01
2024-03-28
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