1887

Abstract

Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a pore-forming, bi-component toxin secreted by strains epidemiologically associated with diseases such as necrotizing pneumonia and skin and soft-tissue infections. Here we demonstrate that transcription of the phage-encoded PVL (encoded in the -PV operon) is dependent on two major determinants: the phage life-cycle and the host chromosomal background. Mitomycin C induction of PVL-encoding prophages from different community-acquired MRSA strains led to an increase in the amount of -PV mRNA as a result of read-through transcription from latent phage promoters and an increase in phage copy numbers. Failing prophage excision was reflected in a constant expression of -PV as in the case of strain USA300, suggesting that Sa2USA300 is a replication-defective prophage. Additionally, we could show that -PV transcription is influenced by the global virulence regulators and . We found a strong impact of the host background on prophage induction and replication when analysing PVL phages in different strains. For example phage Sa2mw was greatly induced by mitomycin C in its native host MW2 and in strain Newman but to a considerably lesser extent in strains 8325-4, RN6390 and ISP479c. This discrepancy was not linked to the SOS response of the bacteria since transcription did not vary between the strains. These results suggest a fine tuning between certain phages and their host, with major impact on the expression of phage-encoded virulence genes.

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2009-11-01
2024-03-29
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