1887

Abstract

is the leading biopesticide used to control insect pests worldwide. Although they have a long record of safe use, under certain conditions commercial strains of have the ability to produce numerous putative enterotoxins that have been associated with food poisoning attributed to . Therefore, we designed a strategy to delete the genes encoding these toxins. strain VBTS 2477 contained genes encoding NHE, CytK-2 and three homologues of haemolysin BL (HBL, HBL and HBL). This is the first report, to our knowledge, of a strain of or containing three sets of operons. The genes encoding HBL and HBL were 96–97 % identical to each other and 76–84 % identical to those encoding HBL. The operon was detected by PCR amplification only after was deleted. We used sequential gene replacement to replace the wild-type copies of the NHE and three HBL operons with copies that contained internal deletions that span the three genes in each operon. The insecticidal activity of the quadruple-enterotoxin-deficient mutant was similar to that of the wild-type strain against larvae of , and . This demonstrates that the genes for enterotoxins can be deleted, eliminating the possibility of enterotoxin production without compromising the insecticidal efficacy of a strain of .

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2010-12-01
2024-03-29
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