1887

Abstract

The specific enzymes employed by for the anaerobic oxidation of thiosulfate, sulfide and elemental sulfur during anoxygenic photosynthesis are not well defined. In particular, it is unclear how completely oxidizes thiosulfate. A genomic region, encoding a putative quinone-interacting membrane-bound oxidoreductase (Qmo) complex (), hypothetical proteins () and a sulfide : quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) homologue (), was analysed for its role in anaerobic sulfur oxidation. Transcripts of genes encoding the Qmo complex, which is similar to archaeal heterodisulfide reductases, were detected by RT-PCR only while sulfide or elemental sulfur were being oxidized, whereas the SQR homologue and were expressed during thiosulfate oxidation and into early stationary phase. A mutant of was obtained in which the region between and was replaced by a transposon insertion resulting in the truncation or deletion of nine genes. This strain, C5, was completely defective for growth on thiosulfate as the sole electron donor in , but only slightly defective for growth on sulfide or thiosulfate plus sulfide. Strain C5 did not oxidize thiosulfate and also displayed a defect in acetate assimilation under all growth conditions. A gene of unknown function, , deleted in strain C5 that is conserved in chemolithotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and archaea is the most likely candidate for the thiosulfate oxidation phenotype observed in this strain. The defect in acetate assimilation may be explained by deletion of , which encodes a homologue of 3-oxoacyl acyl carrier protein synthase.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.2007/012583-0
2008-03-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/154/3/818.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.2007/012583-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Ausubel F. M., Brent R., Kingston R. E., Moore D. D., Seidman J. G., Smith J. A., Struhl K. 1987 Current Protocols in Molecular Biology New York: Green Publishing Associates & Wiley Interscience;
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Beller H. R., Letain T. E., Chakicherla A., Kane S. R., Legler T. C., Coleman M. A. 2006; Whole-genome transcriptional analysis of chemolithoautotrophic thiosulfate oxidation by Thiobacillus denitrificans under aerobic versus denitrifying conditions. J Bacteriol 188:7005–7015
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Brune D. C. 1995; Sulfur compounds as photosynthetic electron donors. In Anoxygenic Photosynthetic Bacteria pp 847–870 Edited by Blankenship R. E., Madigan M. T., Bauer C. E. Amsterdam: Kluwer;
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Castenholz R. W., Bauld J., Jorgenson B. B. 1990; Anoxygenic microbial mats of hot springs: thermophilic Chlorobium sp. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 74:325–336
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Chan L. K., Morgan-Kiss R., Hanson T. E. 2007; Genetic and proteomic studies of sulfur oxidation in Chlorobium tepidum (syn. Chlorobaculum tepidum . In Sulfur in Phototrophic Organisms Edited by Hell R., Dahl C., Leustek T., Knaff D. New York: Springer;
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Davies C., Heath R. J., White S. W., Rock C. O. 2000; The 1.8 Å crystal structure and active-site architecture of beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III (FabH) from Escherichia coli . Structure 8:185–195
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Dennis J. J., Zylstra G. J. 1998; Plasposons: modular self-cloning minitransposon derivatives for rapid genetic analysis of gram-negative bacterial genomes. Appl Environ Microbiol 64:2710–2715
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Eisen J. A., Nelson K. E., Paulsen I. T., Heidelberg J. F., Wu M., Dodson R. J., Deboy R., Gwinn M. L., Nelson W. C. other authors 2002; The complete genome sequence of Chlorobium tepidum TLS, a photosynthetic, anaerobic, green-sulfur bacterium. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:9509–9514
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Friedrich C. G., Quentmeier A., Bardischewsky F., Rother D., Kraft R., Kostka S., Prinz H. 2000; Novel genes coding for lithotrophic sulfur oxidation of Paracoccus pantotrophus GB17. J Bacteriol 182:4677–4687
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Friedrich C. G., Rother D., Bardischewsky F., Quentmeier A., Fischer J. 2001; Oxidation of reduced inorganic sulfur compounds by bacteria: emergence of a common mechanism?. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:2873–2882
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Frigaard N. U., Bryant D. A. 2001; Chromosomal gene inactivation in the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium tepidum by natural transformation. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:2538–2544
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Hanson T. E., Tabita F. R. 2001; A ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO)-like protein from Chlorobium tepidum that is involved with sulfur metabolism and the response to oxidative stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:4397–4402
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Hanson T. E., Tabita F. R. 2003; Insights into the stress response and sulfur metabolism revealed by proteome analysis of a Chlorobium tepidum mutant lacking the Rubisco-like protein. Photosynth Res 78:231–248
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Heising S., Richter L., Ludwig W., Schink B. 1999; Chlorobium ferrooxidans sp. nov., a phototrophic green sulfur bacterium that oxidizes ferrous iron in coculture with a “ Geospirillum ”. sp– strain Arch Microbiol 172:116–124
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Jung D. O., Carey J. R., Achenbach L. A., Madigan M. T. 2000; Phototrophic green sulfur bacteria from permanently frozen Antarctic lakes. In 100th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology p 388
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Markowitz V. M., Korzeniewski F., Palaniappan K., Szeto E., Werner G., Padki A., Zhao X., Dubchak I., Hugenholtz P. other authors 2006; The integrated microbial genomes (IMG) system. Nucleic Acids Res 34:D344–D348
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Mukhopadhyay B., Johnson E., Ascano M. 1999; Conditions for vigorous growth on sulfide and reactor-scale cultivation protocols for the thermophilic green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium tepidum . Appl Environ Microbiol 65:301–306
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Overmann J. 2000; The family Chlorobiaceae. In The Prokaryotes: an Evolving Electronic Resource for the Microbiological Community Edited by Dworkin M. New York: Springer-Verlag;
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Pires R. H., Lourenco A. I., Morais F., Teixeira M., Xavier A. V., Saraiva L. M., Pereira I. A. 2003; A novel membrane-bound respiratory complex from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 27774. Biochim Biophys Acta 160567–82
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Pott A. S., Dahl C. 1998; Sirohaem sulfite reductase and other proteins encoded by genes at the dsr locus of Chromatium vinosum are involved in the oxidation of intracellular sulfur. Microbiology 144:1881–1894
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Prange A., Engelhardt H., Truper H. G., Dahl C. 2004; The role of the sulfur globule proteins of Allochromatium vinosum : mutagenesis of the sulfur globule protein genes and expression studies by real-time RT-PCR. Arch Microbiol 182:165–174
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Rethmeier J., Rabenstein A., Langer M., Fischer U. 1997; Detection of traces of oxidized and reduced sulfur compounds in small samples by combination of different high-performance liquid chromatography methods. J Chromatogr A 760:295–302
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Verté F., Kostanjevecki V., De Smet L., Meyer T. E., Cusanovich M. A., Van Beeumen J. J. 2002; Identification of a thiosulfate utilization gene cluster from the green phototrophic bacterium Chlorobium limicola . Biochemistry 41:2932–2945
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Wahlund T. M., Woese C. R., Castenholz R. W., Madigan M. T. 1991; A thermophilic green sulfur bacterium from New Zealand hot springs, Chlorobium tepidum sp. nov. Arch Microbiol 156:81–90
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Zhou F., Hanson T. E., Johnston M. V. 2007; Intact protein profiling of Chlorobium tepidum by capillary isoelectric focusing, reversed-phase liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 79:7145–7153
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.2007/012583-0
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.2007/012583-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error