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Volume 154, Issue 10

Genetic prerequisites for additive or synergistic actions of 5-fluorocytosine and fluconazole in baker's yeast Free

Abstract

During applications of 5-fluorocytosine (5FC) and fluconazole (FLC), additive or synergistic action may even occur when primary resistance to 5FC is established. Here, we analysed conjoint drug action in strains deficient in genes known to be essential for 5FC or FLC function. Despite clear primary resistance, residual 5FC activity and additive 5FC+FLC action in cells lacking cytosine permease (Fcy2p) or uracil phosphoribosyl transferase (Fur1p) were detected. In contrast, Δ mutants, lacking cytosine deaminase, became entirely resistant to 5FC, concomitantly losing 5FC+FLC additivity. Disruption of the orotate phosphoribosyltransferase gene () in the wild-type led to low-level 5FC tolerance, while an alternative orotate phosphoribosyltransferase, encoded by , contributed to 5FC toxicity only in the Δ background. Remarkably, combination of Δ and Δ resulted in complete 5FC resistance. Thus, yeast orotate phosphoribosyltransferases are involved in 5FC metabolism. Similarly, disruption of the ergosterol Δ-desaturase-encoding gene resulted only in partial resistance to FLC, and concomitantly a synergistic effect with 5FC became evident. Full resistance to FLC occurred in Δ Δ double mutants and, simultaneously, synergism or even an additive effect with FLC and 5FC was no longer discernible. Since the majority of spontaneously occurring resistant yeast clones displayed residual sensitivity to either 5FC or FLC and those strains responded to combined drug treatment in a predictable manner, careful resistance profiling based on the findings reported here may help to address yeast infections by combined application of antimycotic compounds.

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Keyword(s): 5FC, 5-fluorocytosine , 5FU, 5-fluorouracil , FIC, fractional inhibitory concentration and FLC, fluconazole
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2008-10-01
2024-04-20
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Genetic prerequisites for additive or synergistic actions of 5-fluorocytosine and fluconazole in baker's yeast
Microbiology 154, 3154 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.2008/020107-0
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.2008/020107-0
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.2008/020107-0
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