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Volume 149, Issue 6

Structural and functional features of lipoarabinomannan Free

Abstract

The genus is part of the phylogenetic group nocardioform actinomycetes, which also includes the genus . Members of this phylogenetic group have a characteristic cell envelope structure, which is dominated by various complex lipids. Among these, lipoglycans are of particular interest since mycobacterial lipoarabinomannans are important immunomodulatory molecules that are likely to be involved in the subsequent fate of mycobacterial bacilli once inside phagocytic cells. is a species closely related to an established opportunistic human pathogen, . This paper reports the isolation and characterization of lipoarabinomannan, designated as RruLAM. SDS-PAGE and gas chromatography analyses revealed that RruLAM was of an intermediate size between lipoarabinomannan and lipomannan. Using a combination of chemical degradation and H, C-NMR experiments, the carbohydrate structure of RruLAM was unambiguously shown to be composed of a linear (1→6)-Man backbone substituted at some -2 positions by a single t--Ara sugar unit. Integration of the anomeric proton signals provided an indication of the degree of branching as approximately 45 %. The RruLAM structure is much simpler than that established for lipoarabinomannan but is also different from that determined for the closely related species and opportunistic human pathogen, . RruLAM was unable to induce the production of TNF- by either human or murine macrophage cell lines, suggesting that more sophisticated structures, such as phosphoinositol capping motifs, are required for such activity.

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Keyword(s): 1D, one-dimensional , 2D, two-dimensional , APTS, 1-aminopyrene-3,6,8-trisulfonate , Araf, arabinofuranose , CE-LIF, capillary electrophoresis-laser-induced fluorescence , Gro, glycerol , HMQC, heteronuclear multiple quantum correlation spectroscopy , HOHAHA, homonuclear Hartmann–Hahn spectroscopy , IL, interleukin , Ins, inositol , LAM, lipoarabinomannan , LM, lipomannan , ManLAM, LAM with mannosyl caps , Manp, mannopyranose , MPI, mannosyl-phosphatidyl-myo-inositol , NOESY, nuclear Overhauser and exchange spectroscopy , PILAM, LAM with phosphoinositide caps , PIM, phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannoside , ReqLAM, lipoglycan of R. equi , RruLAM, lipoglycan of R. ruber , t-, terminal , TFA, trifluoroacetic acid , TMS, trimethylsilate and TNF-α, tumour necrosis factor α
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2003-06-01
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Structural and functional features of Rhodococcus ruber lipoarabinomannan
Microbiology 149, 1437 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26161-0
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