@article{mbs:/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.26814-0, author = "Kapatral, Vinayak and Campbell, John W. and Minnich, Scott A. and Thomson, Nicholas R. and Matsumura, Philip and Prüß, Birgit M.", title = "Gene array analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica FlhD and FlhC: regulation of enzymes affecting synthesis and degradation of carbamoylphosphate", journal= "Microbiology", year = "2004", volume = "150", number = "7", pages = "2289-2300", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26814-0", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.26814-0", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1465-2080", type = "Journal Article", abstract = "This paper focuses on global gene regulation by FlhD/FlhC in enteric bacteria. Even though Yersinia enterocolitica FlhD/FlhC can complement an Escherichia coli flhDC mutant for motility, it is not known if the Y. enterocolitica FlhD/FlhC complex has an effect on metabolism similar to E. coli. To study metabolic gene regulation, a partial Yersinia enterocolitica 8081c microarray was constructed and the expression patterns of wild-type cells were compared to an flhDC mutant strain at 25 and 37 °C. The overlap between the E. coli and Y. enterocolitica FlhD/FlhC regulated genes was 25 %. Genes that were regulated at least fivefold by FlhD/FlhC in Y. enterocolitica are genes encoding urocanate hydratase (hutU), imidazolone propionase (hutI), carbamoylphosphate synthetase (carAB) and aspartate carbamoyltransferase (pyrBI). These enzymes are part of a pathway that is involved in the degradation of l-histidine to l-glutamate and eventually leads into purine/pyrimidine biosynthesis via carbamoylphosphate and carbamoylaspartate. A number of other genes were regulated at a lower rate. In two additional experiments, the expression of wild-type cells grown at 4 or 25 °C was compared to the same strain grown at 37 °C. The expression of the flagella master operon flhD was not affected by temperature, whereas the flagella-specific sigma factor fliA was highly expressed at 25 °C and reduced at 4 and 37 °C. Several other flagella genes, all of which are under the control of FliA, exhibited a similar temperature profile. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that temperature regulation of flagella genes might be mediated by the flagella-specific sigma factor FliA and not the flagella master regulator FlhD/FlhC.", }