1887

Abstract

The immune response and the anticandidal activity of keratinocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) play a key role in host defence against localized infection. An established model of oral candidosis based on reconstituted human oral epithelium (RHE) was supplemented with PMNs to study the effect of these immune cells during experimental oral candidosis. Infection of RHE with induced a strong expression of the chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) and the cytokine granulocyte-macrophages colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and a moderate stimulation of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon (IFN-) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-) by keratinocytes. This immune response was associated with chemoattraction of PMNs to the site of infection, whereas uninfected RHE failed to induce cytokine expression or to attract PMNs. Growth of the pathogen and tissue damage of -infected RHE were significantly reduced when PMNs were applied to the apical epithelial surface or when PMNs migrated through a perforated basal polycarbonate filter of the model. Notably, protection against epithelial tissue damage was also observed when PMNs were placed on the basal side of non-perforated filters, which prevented PMN migration into the RHE. Addition of PMNs enhanced a Th1-type immune response (IFN-, TNF-), down-regulated the expression of the Th2-type cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), and was associated with protection against -induced tissue damage. This PMN-supplemented model of oral candidosis mimics the situation, and provides a promising tool for studying the immunological interactions between keratinocytes and , as well as the influence of PMNs on pathogenesis.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.27169-0
2004-09-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/150/9/mic1502807.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.27169-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Black C. A., Eyers F. M., Russell A., Dunkley M. L., Clancy R. L., Beagley K. W. 1998; Acute neutropenia decreases inflammation associated with murine vaginal candidiasis but has no effect on the course of infection. Infect Immun 66:1273–1275
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Borish L., Rosenbaum R., Albury L., Clark S. 1989; Activation of neutrophils by recombinant interleukin 6. Cell Immunol 121:280–289 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Challacombe S. J. 1994; Immunologic aspects of oral candidiasis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 78:202–210 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Djeu J. Y., Matsushima K., Oppenheim J. J., Shiotsuki K., Blanchard D. K. 1990; Functional activation of human neutrophils by recombinant monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor/IL-8. J Immunol 144:2205–2210
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Dongari-Bagtzoglou A., Kashleva H. 2003; Candida albicans triggers interleukin-8 secretion by oral epithelial cells. Microb Pathog 34:169–177 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Epstein J. B., Hancock P. J., Nantel S. 2003; Oral candidiasis in hematopoietic cell transplantation patients: an outcome-based analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 96:154–163 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Eversole L. R., Reichart P. A., Ficarra G., Schmidt-Westhausen A., Romagnoli P., Pimpinelli N. 1997; Oral keratinocyte immune responses in HIV-associated candidiasis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 84:372–380 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Farah C. S., Elahi S., Pang G., Gotjamanos T., Seymour G. J., Clancy R. L., Ashman R. B. 2001; T cells augment monocyte and neutrophil function in host resistance against oropharyngeal candidiasis. Infect Immun 69:6110–6118 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Farah C. S., Gotjamanos T., Seymour G. J., Ashman R. B. 2002; Cytokines in the oral mucosa of mice infected with Candida albicans. Oral Microbiol Immunol 17:375–378 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Fidel P. L. Jr 2002a; Distinct protective host defenses against oral and vaginal candidiasis. Med Mycol 40:359–375 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Fidel P. L. Jr 2002b; Immunity to Candida. Oral Dis 8 Suppl 2:69–75
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Fidel P. L., Jr, Cutright J. L., Sobel J. D. 1995; Effects of systemic cell-mediated immunity on vaginal candidiasis in mice resistant and susceptible to Candida albicans infections. Infect Immun 63:4191–4194
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Fidel P. L., Jr, Luo W., Steele C., Chabain J., Baker M., Wormley F., Jr. 1999; Analysis of vaginal cell populations during experimental vaginal candidiasis. Infect Immun 67:3135–3140
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Fulurija A., Ashman R. B., Papadimitriou J. M. 1996; Neutrophil depletion increases susceptibility to systemic and vaginal candidiasis in mice, and reveals differences between brain and kidney in mechanisms of host resistance. Microbiology 142:3487–3496 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Gillum A. M., Tsay E. Y., Kirsch D. R. 1984; Isolation of the Candida albicans gene for orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase by complementation ofS. cerevisiae ura3 and E. coli pyrF mutations. Mol Gen Genet 198:179–182 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kullberg B. J., Netea M. G., Vonk A. G., van der Meer J. W. 1999; Modulation of neutrophil function in host defense against disseminated Candida albicans infection in mice. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 26:299–307 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Martino P., Girmenia C., Venditti M., Micozzi A., Santilli S., Burgio V. L., Mandelli F. 1989; Candida colonization and systemic infection in neutropenic patients. A retrospective study. Cancer 64:2030–2034 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Myoken Y., Sugata T., Fujita Y., Kohara T., Mikami Y. 2004; Oropharyngeal Candida colonization and infection in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 97:137–138 author reply 138 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Romani L. 1999; Immunity to Candida albicans: Th1, Th2 cells and beyond. Curr Opin Microbiol 2:363–367 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Rupniak H. T., Rowlatt C., Lane E. B., Steele J. G., Trejdosiewicz L. K., Laskiewicz B., Povey S., Hill B. T. 1985; Characteristics of four new human cell lines derived from squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. J Natl Cancer Inst 75:621–635
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Schaller M., Mailhammer R., Grassl G., Sander C. A., Hube B., Korting H. C. 2002; Infection of human oral epithelia with Candida species induces cytokine expression correlated to the degree of virulence. J Invest Dermatol 118:652–657 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Steele C., Leigh J., Swoboda R., Fidel P. L. Jr 2000; Growth inhibition of Candida by human oral epithelial cells. J Infect Dis 182:1479–1485 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Tansho S., Abe S., Yamaguchi H. 1994; Inhibition of Candida albicans growth by murine peritoneal neutrophils and augmentation of the inhibitory activity by bacterial lipopolysaccharide and cytokines. Microbiol Immunol 38:379–383 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Walsh T. J., Hiemenz J. W., Anaissie E. 1996; Recent progress and current problems in treatment of invasive fungal infections in neutropenic patients. Infect Dis Clin North Am 10:365–400 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Wolff S. M. 1972; The Chediak–Higashi syndrome: studies of host defenses. Ann Intern Med 76:293–306 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Wróblewski F., John S. L. 1955; Lactic dehydrogenase activity in blood. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 90:210–213 [CrossRef]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.27169-0
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.27169-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error