1887

Abstract

Rgd1, a GTPase-activating protein, is the only known negative regulator of the Rho3 and Rho4 small GTPases in the yeast . Rho3p and Rho4p are involved in regulating cell polarity by controlling polarized exocytosis. Co-inactivation of and , which is a cell wall sensor-encoding gene, is lethal. Another plasma membrane sensor, Mid2p, is known to rescue the ΔΔ synthetic lethality. It has been proposed that Wsc1p and Mid2p act upstream of the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway to function as mechanosensors of cell wall stress. Analysis of the synthetic lethal phenomenon revealed that production of activated Rho3p and Rho4p leads to lethality in Δ cells. Inactivation of or was able to rescue the ΔΔ synthetic lethality, supporting the idea that the accumulation of GTP-bound Rho proteins, following loss of Rgd1p, is detrimental if the Wsc1 sensor is absent. In contrast, the genetic interaction between and was not due to an accumulation of GTP-bound Rho proteins. It was proposed that simultaneous inactivation of and constitutively activates the PKC–mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) pathway. Moreover, it was shown that the activity of this pathway was not involved in the synthetic lethal interaction, which suggests the existence of another mechanism. Consistent with this idea, it was found that perturbations in Rho3-mediated polarized exocytosis specifically impair the abundance and processing of Wsc1 and Mid2 proteins. Hence, it is proposed that Wsc1p participates in the regulation of a Rho3/4-dependent cellular mechanism, and that this is distinct from the role of Wsc1p in the PKC–MAP kinase pathway.

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2006-03-01
2024-03-28
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