Global gene expression in Escherichia coli K-12 during short-term and long-term adaptation to glucose-limited continuous culture conditions
Franchini, Alessandro G. and Egli, Thomas,, 152, 2111-2127 (2006),
doi = https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28939-0,
publicationName = Microbiology Society,
issn = 1350-0872,
abstract= Microarray technology was used to study the cellular events that take place at the transcription level during short-term (physiological) and long-term (genetic) adaptation of the faecal indicator bacterium Escherichia coli K-12 to slow growth under limited nutrient supply. Short-term and long-term adaptation were assessed by comparing the mRNA levels isolated after 40 or 500 h of glucose-limited continuous culture at a dilution rate of 0.3 h−1 with those from batch culture with glucose excess. A large number of genes encoding periplasmic binding proteins were upregulated, indicating that the cells are prepared for high-affinity uptake of all types of carbon sources during glucose-limited growth in continuous culture. All the genes belonging to the maltose (mal/lamB) and galactose (mgl/gal) operons were upregulated. A similar transcription pattern was observed for long-term cultures except that the expression factors were lower than in the short-term adaptation. The patterns of upregulation were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. A switch from a fully operational citric acid cycle to the PEP-glyoxylate cycle was clearly observed in cells grown in glucose-limited continuous culture when compared to batch-grown cells and this was confirmed by transcriptome analysis. This transcriptome analysis confirms and extends the observations from previous proteome and catabolome studies in the authors' laboratory.,
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