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Volume 140, Issue 9

Pipecolic acid is an osmoprotectant for taken up by the general osmoporters ProU and ProP Free

Abstract

Exogenously supplied L-pipecolic acid was accumulated by cells and protected them while growing at inhibitory osmolarity. Using specific uptake mutants and competitive assays, we established that the imino acid enters the cells through the ProP and ProU systems with values of 225 and 53 μM, respectively. Surprisingly, in spite of the requirement for the wild-type gene for osmoprotective ability, no binding activity of labelled pipecolate with the periplasmic protein encoded by could be detected. In an attempt to demonstrate whether the two porters (ProP and ProU) are the only carriers involved in osmoregulation, a variety of molecules known for their intracellular osmolarity-dependent accumulation in various organisms were investigated. -Dimethylproline (proline betaine), -dimethylglycine, homobetaine (β-alanine betaine), γ-butyrobetaine and dimethylsulfonio-propionate were found to be capable of promoting the growth of osmotically stressed . All of these molecules enter bacterial cells via ProP and ProU porters. None of the osmoprotectants except -dimethylproline was able to bind the periplasmic protein encoded by , while this protein was necessary for their uptake. Apparently, ProP and ProU are the sole osmoporters involved in osmolyte influx into cells.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Revised:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): Escherichia coli , osmoprotection , periplasmic binding protein , pipecolic acid and ProP and ProU systems
© Society for General Microbiology 1994
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1994-09-01
2024-04-23
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Pipecolic acid is an osmoprotectant for Escherichia coli taken up by the general osmoporters ProU and ProP
Microbiology 140, 2415 (1994); https://doi.org/10.1099/13500872-140-9-2415
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-140-9-2415
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/13500872-140-9-2415
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