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Volume 162, Issue 7

The polysaccharide capsule and Efb-dependent fibrinogen shield act in concert to protect against phagocytosis Free

Abstract

has developed many mechanisms to escape from human immune responses. To resist phagocytic clearance, expresses a polysaccharide capsule, which effectively masks the bacterial surface and surface-associated proteins, such as opsonins, from recognition by phagocytic cells. Additionally, secretion of the extracellular fibrinogen binding protein (Efb) potently blocks phagocytic uptake of the pathogen. Efb creates a fibrinogen shield surrounding the bacteria by simultaneously binding complement C3b and fibrinogen at the bacterial surface. By means of neutrophil phagocytosis assays with fluorescently labelled encapsulated serotype 5 (CP5) and serotype 8 (CP8) strains we compare the immune-modulating function of these shielding mechanisms. The data indicate that, in highly encapsulated strains, the polysaccharide capsule is able to prevent phagocytic uptake at plasma concentrations <10 %, but loses its protective ability at higher concentrations of plasma. Interestingly, Efb shows a strong inhibitory effect on both capsule-negative and encapsulated strains at all tested plasma concentrations. Furthermore, the results suggest that both shielding mechanisms can exist simultaneously and collaborate to provide optimal protection against phagocytosis at a broad range of plasma concentrations. As opsonizing antibodies will be shielded from recognition by either mechanism, incorporating both capsular polysaccharides and Efb in future vaccines could be of great importance.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): capsule , fibrinogen , phagocytosis and staphylococci
© 2016 The Authors
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2016-07-01
2024-04-18
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The Staphylococcus aureus polysaccharide capsule and Efb-dependent fibrinogen shield act in concert to protect against phagocytosis
Microbiology 162, 1185 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.000293
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.000293
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.000293
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