1887

Abstract

The tyrocidines, a complex of analogous cyclic decapeptides produced by , exhibited noteworthy activity against a range of phytopathogenic fungi, including , and . The activity of the tyrocidine peptide complex (Trc mixture) and purified tyrocidines exhibited minimum inhibition concentrations below 13 µg ml (~10 µM) and was significantly more potent than that of the commercial imidazole fungicide, bifonazole. Although the tyrocidines’ activity was negatively influenced by the presence of Ca, it remained unaffected by the presence of Mg, Na and K. Microscopic analysis revealed significant impact on the morphology of and including retarded germination and hyperbranching of hyphae. Studies with membrane-impermeable dyes, SYTOX green and propidium iodide suggested that the main mode of action of tyrocidines involves the disruption of fungal membrane integrity. Because of the tyrocidines’ broad spectrum and potent antifungal activity, possible multiple targets reducing the risk of overt resistance and general salt tolerance, they are promising candidates that warrant further investigation as bio-fungicides.

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2014-09-01
2024-03-29
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