1887

Abstract

Summary

The optimum conditions for cellulase production in culture filtrates by and were determined. With ball-milled filter paper as a test substrate maximum activity was detected 4 to 7 days after transfer from glucose to cellulose (ball-milled filter paper) as growth substrate. Comparison of the yeast filtrates with those from the moulds and showed that the total activity of one strain of was comparable to that of the moulds with ball-milled filter paper as assay substrate. Activities were always lower when -cellulose or dewaxed cotton were used as assay substrates. The main products of cellulose degradation were cellobiose and glucose, although the ratio of these products clearly differentiated between culture filtrates of the species examined. Xylanase activity was present in all the culture filtrates examined. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of active filtrates produced strain-specific patterns of three to five stained bands with similar mobilities but an inactive filtrate lacked one band common to all the other filtrates.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-100-2-381
1977-06-01
2024-04-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/100/2/mic-100-2-381.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-100-2-381&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Aspinall G. O., Mckay J. E. 1958; The hemicelluloses of European larch (Larix decidua). Part I. The constitution of a xylan. Journal of the Chemical Society1059–1066
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Barnett J. A., Ingram M. 1955; Technique in the study of yeast assimilation reactions. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 18:131–148
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bishop C. T., Whitaker D. R. 1955; Mixed arabinose-xylose oligosaccharides from wheat-straw xylan. Chemistry and Industry 119:
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bravery A. F. 1968; Microbiological breakdown of cellulose in the presence of alternative carbon sources. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 19:133–135
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Brown W. 1970; The separation of cellodextrins by gel permeation chromatography. Journal of Chromatography 52:273–284
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Davis B. J., Ornstein L. 1961 Disc Electrophoresis Rochester, U.S.A.: Distillation Products Industries;
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Dennis C. 1972; Breakdown of cellulose by yeast species. Journal of General Microbiology 71:409–411
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Dennis C., Gee J. M. 1973; The microbial flora of broiler-house litter and dust. Journal of General Microbiology 78:101–107
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Evans C. G. T., Herbert D., Tempest D. W. 1970; Continuous cultivation of micro-organisms. 2. Construction of a chemostat. In Methods in Microbiology 2 pp. 277–323 Norris J. R., Ribbons D. W. Edited by London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Frahn J. L., Mills J. A. 1959; Paper ionophoresis of carbohydrates. I. Procedures and results for four electrolytes. Australian Journal of Chemistry 12:65–89
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Gascoigne J. A., Gascoigne M. M. 1960; The xylanases of Fusarium roseum. Journal of General Microbiology 22:242–248
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Halliwell G. 1957; Cellulolysis by rumen micro-organisms. Journal of General Microbiology 17:153–165
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Halliwell G. 1960; A micro-determination of carbohydrates and proteins. Biochemical Journal 74:457–462
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Halliwell G. 1961; The action of cellulolytic enzymes from Myrothecium verrucaria. Biochemical Journal 79:185–192
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Hulme M. A., Stranks D. W. 1971; Regulation of cellulase production by Myrothecium verrucaria grown on non-cellulosic substrates. Journal of General Microbiology 69:145–155
    [Google Scholar]
  16. King K. W., Vessal M. I. 1969; Enzymes of the cellulase complex. In Celluloses and their Applications Advances in Chemistry Series no. 95 pp. 7–25 Gould R. F. Edited by Washington: American Chemical Society;
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Levinson H. S., Mandels G. R., Reese E. T. 1951; Products of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose and its derivatives. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 31:351–365
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Lowry O. H., Rosebrough N. J., Farr A. L., Randall R. J. 1951; Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry 193:265–275
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Mandels M., Weber J. 1969; The production of cellulases. In Celluloses and their Applications Advances in Chemistry Series no. 95 pp. 391–413 Gould R. F. Edited by Washington: American Chemical Society;
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Mandels M., Weber J., Parizek R. 1971; Enhanced cellulase production by a mutant of Trichoderma viride. Applied Microbiology 21:152–154
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Miller G. L. 1963; Cellodextrins. In Methods of Carbohydrate Chemistry III pp. 134–139 Whistler R. L. Edited by London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Nomura K., Yasui T., Kiyooka S., Kobayashi T. 1968; Xylanases of Trichoderma viride.Some properties of enzyme reaction and a preliminary experiment of xylan hydrolysis. Journal of Fermentation Technology 46:634–640
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Partridge S. M. 1949; Aniline hydrogen phthalate as a spraying reagent for chromatography of sugars. Nature; London: 164443
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Pathak A. N., Ghose T. K. 1973a; Cellulases-1: sources, technology. Process Biochemistry 8(4):35–38
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Pathak A. N., Ghose T. K. 1973b; Cellulases-2: applications. Process Biochemistry 8(5):20–21
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Reese E. T., Siu R. G. H., Levinson H. S. 1950; The biological degradation of soluble cellulose derivatives and its relationship to the mechanism of cellulose hydrolysis. Journal of Bacteriology 59:485–497
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Selby K. 1967; The cellulase of Trichoderma viride. Separation of the components involved in the solubilisation of cotton. Biochemical Journal 104:716–724
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Selby K., Maitland C. C., Thompson K. V. A. 1963; The degradation of cotton cellulose by the extracellular cellulase of Myrothecium verrucaria. 2. The existence of an ‘exhaustible’ cellulase. Biochemical Journal 88:288–296
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Toda S., Suzuki H., Nisizawa K. 1970; Isolation of cellulase components with xylanase activity. Hakko Kogaku Zasshi 48:580–586
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Toda S., Suzuki H., Nisizawa K. 1971; Enzymatic properties and the substrate specificities of Trichoderma cellulases with special reference to their activity towards xylan. Hakko Kogaku Zasshi 49:499–521
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Toyama N. 1969; Applications of cellulases in Japan. In Cellulases and their Applications Advances in Chemistry Series no. 95 pp. 359–390 Gould R. F. Edited by Washington: American Chemical Society;
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Walsh J. H., Stewart C. S. 1971; Effect of temperature, oxygen and carbon dioxide on cellulolytic activity of some fungi. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 57:75–84
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Wickerham L. J., Burton K. A. 1948; Carbon assimilation tests for the classification of yeasts. Journal of Bacteriology 56:363–371
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Wood T. M. 1968; Cellulolytic enzyme system of Trichodermakoningii: separation of components attacking native cotton. Biochemical Journal 109:217–227
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Wood T. M., Phillips D. R. 1969; Another source of cellulase. Nature; London: 222986–987
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-100-2-381
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-100-2-381
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error