1887

Abstract

SUMMARY: Electrotransformation has been used as a tool to introduce genes carried on replicative vectors in hundreds of bacterial species. In this study, the technique was used to try to obtain recombination of markers in the chromosome of the natura IIy transformable bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. Recombination was not observed even using naturally competent cultures. Both chromosomal and cloned DNA, denatured or native, were without effect. These results suggest that it is not sufficient to introduce DNA into the cell to obtain recombinants in this bacterium. The integration of markers into the chromosome in naturally competent cells must require DNA processing during entry. Electrotransformation of replicating plasmids is red-independent but can be facilitated by a red-dependent process. This facilitation required the induction of the natural competence machinery, probably involving partial homologous pairing.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-11-3061
1998-11-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/144/11/mic-144-11-3061.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-11-3061&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Avery O.T., MacLeod C.M., McCarty M. 1944; Studies on the chemical nature of the substance inducing transformation of pneumococcal types. 1. Induction of transformation by a desoxyribonucleic acid fraction isolated from pneumococcus type III.. J Exp Med 79:137–158
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Bonnassie S., Case A.M., Sicard A.M. 1989; Transformation by electroporation of two Gram-positive bacteria: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Brevibacterium lactofermentum. . In Genetic Transformation and Expression pp. 71–75 Andover:: Intercept.;
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Claverys J.P., Lacks S.A. 1986; Heteroduplex deoxyribonucleic acid base mismatch repair in bacteria.. Microbiol Rev 50:133–165
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Claverys J.P., Dintilhac A., Pestova E.V., Martin B.andMorrison, Morrison D.A. 1995; Construction and evaluation of new drug-resistance cassettes for gene disruption mutagenesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae, using an ami test platform.. Gene 164:123–128
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Ephrussi-Taylor H., Gray T.C. 1966; Genetic studies of recombining DNA in pneumococcal transformation.. J Gen Physiol 49:211–231
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Fishei R., Lescoe M.K., Rao M.R.S., Copeland N.G., Jenkins N.A., Garber J., Kane M., Kolodner R. 1993; The human mutator gene homolog MSH2 and its association with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer.. Cell 75:1027–1038
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Fox M. 1960; Fate of transforming deoxyribonucleate following fixation by transformable bacteria.. Nature 187:1004–1006
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Gasc A.M., Kauc L., Baraille P., Sicard A.M., Goodgal S. 1991; Gene localization, size and physical map of the chromosome of Streptococcus pneumoniae. . J Bacteriol 173:7361–7367
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Ghei O.K., Lacks S.A. 1967; Recovery of donor deoxyribonucleic acid marker activity from eclipse in pneumococcal transformation.. J Bacteriol 93:816–829
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Griffith F. 1928; The significance of pneumococcal types.. J Hyg 27:113–159
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Havarstein L.S., Coomaraswamy G., Morrison D.A. 1995; An unmodified heptadecapeptide induces competence for genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae. . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 9211140–11144
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Heidelberger M., Avery O.T. 1922; Soluble specific substance of pneumococcus.. J Exp Med 38:73–79
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kauc L, Goodgal S.H. 1989; Size and physical map of the chromosome of Haemophilus influenzae. . J Bacteriol 171:2472–2479
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kent J.L., Hotchkiss R.D. 1964; Kinetic analysis of multiple, linked recombinations in pneumococcal transformation.. J Mol Biol 9:308–322
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Lacks S. 1962; Molecular fate of DNA in genetic transformation of pneumococcus.. J Mol Biol 5:119–131
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Lacks S. 1970; Mutants of Diplococcus pneumoniae that lack deoxyribonucleases and other activities possibly pertinent to genetic transformation.. J Bacteriol 101:373–383
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Lacks S., Greenberg B., Neuberger M. 1974; Role of a deoxyribonuclease in the genetic transformation of Diplococcus pneumoniae. . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 71:2305–2309
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Laible G., Hakenbeck R., Sicard M.A, Joris B., Ghuysen J.M. 1989; Nucleotide sequences of the pbpX genes encoding the penicillin-binding proteins 2x from Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 and a cefotaxime-resistant mutant, C506.. Mol Microbiol 3:1337–1348
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Leach F.S., Nicolaides N.C, Papadopoulos N. 32 other authors 1993; Mutations of a mutS homolog in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.. Cell 75:1215–1225
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Lefevre J.C, Claverys J.P, Sicard A.M. 1979; Donor deoxyribonucleic acid length and marker effect in pneumococcal transformation.. J Bacteriol 138:80–86
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Lefrancois J., Sicard A.M. 1997; Electrotransformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae-, evidence for restriction of the DNA on entry.. Microbiology 143:523–526
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Lopez P., Espinoza M., Stassi D.L., Lacks S.A. 1982; Facilitation of plasmid transfer in Streptococcus pneumoniae by chromosomal homology.. J Bacteriol 150:692–701
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Martin B., Garcia P., Castanie M.P., Claverys J.P. 1995; The recA gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae is part of a competence- induced operon and controls lysogenic induction.. Mol Microbiol 15:367–379
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Méean V., Claverys J.P. 1988; Polarity of DNA entry in transformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae. . Mol Gen Genet 213:444–448
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Méean V., Claverys J.P. 1993; DNA processing during entry in transformation of Streptococcus pneumoniae. . J Biol Chem 268:5594–5599
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Mitchell M.A., Skowronek K., Kauc L., Goodgal S. 1991; Electroporation of Haemophilus influenzae is effective for transformation of plasmid but not chromosomal DNA.. Nucleic Acids Res 19:3625–3628
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Morrison D.A. 1978; Transformation in pneumococcus: Protein content of eclipse complex.. J BacteriL 136:548–557
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Morrison D.A., Baker M. 1979; Competence for genetic transformation in pneumococcus depends on synthesis of a small set of proteins.. Nature 282:215–217
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Morrison D.A., Lacks S.A., Guild W.R., Hageman J.M. 1983; Isolation and characterization of three new classes of transformation deficient mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae that are defective in DNA transport and genetic recombination.. J Bacteriol 156:281–290
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Prats H., Martin B., Pognonec P., Burger A.C., Claverys J.P. 1985a; plasmid vector allowing positive selection of recombinant plasmids in Streptococcus pneumoniae. . Gene 39:41–88
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Prats H., Martin B., Claverys J. P. 1985b; The hexB mismatch repair gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae-, characterization, cloning and identification of the product.. Mol Gen Genet 200:482–489
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Sambrook J., Fritsch E.F., Maniatis T. 1989; Molecular Cloning:. a Laboratory Manual, 2. Cold Spring Harbor, NY:: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.;
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Saunders C.W., Guild W.R. 1981; Monomer plasmid DNA transforms Streptococcus pneumoniae. . Mol Gen Genet 181:57–62
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Sicard A.M. 1964; A new synthetic medium for Diplococcus pneumoniae and its use for the study of reciprocal transformation at the ami A locus.. Genetics 50:31–44
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Southern E.M. 1975; Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis.. J Mol Biol 98:503–517
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-11-3061
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-144-11-3061
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error