1887

Abstract

Summary: Eighteen cariogenic streptococcal strains identified as members of (Clarke, 1924) were compared on the basis of biochemical tests, mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenases, DNA base compositions and DNA base sequence homologies. Some slight biochemical differences were found which correlated with the large differences in DNA base composition and sequence heterology which exist among these strains. All strains could be assigned to one of four groups based on these biochemical and genetic differences. Furthermore, these four groups correlated with four serological groups described by Bratthall (1970). It is proposed to divide into four subspecies: subsp. , the type subspecies, has a guanine-cytosine (G-C) of 36 to 38 mol % and belongs to Bratthall serological group subsp. subsp. nov. has 41 to 43 mol % G-C, belongs to Bratthall group , and can be distinguished from the other subspecies by its production of ammonia from arginine; subsp. subsp. nov. has 42 to 44 mol % G-C, belongs to Bratthall group , and can be distinguished by its lack of growth in air; subsp. subsp. nov. has 44 to 46 mol % G-C, belongs to Bratthall group , and can be distinguished by its failure to ferment raffinose.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-83-2-327
1974-08-01
2024-05-17
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/83/2/mic-83-2-327.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-83-2-327&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Abercrombie G. F., Scott W. M. 1928; A case of infective endocarditis due to Streptococcus mutans. Lancet ii:697–699
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Appleton J. L. T.Jun 1933 Bacterial Infection Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger;
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Bratthall D. 1970; Demonstration of five serological groups of streptococcal strains resembling Streptococcus mutans. Odontologisk revy 21:143–152
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Bratthall D. 1972; Immuno-fluorescent identification of Streptococcus mutans. Odontologisk revy 23:181–196
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Brenner D. J., Fanning G. R., Miklos GV., Steigerwalt A. G. 1973; Polynucleotide sequence relatedness among Shigella species. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 23:1–7
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Brown A. T., Patterson C. E. 1972; Heterogeneity of Streptococcus mutans strains based on their mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenases: criterion for rapid classification. Infection and Immunity 6:422–424
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Brown A. T., Wittenberger C. L. 1972; Fructose-1,6-diphosphate-dependent lactate dehydrogenase from a cariogenic streptococcus: purification and regulatory properties. Journal of Bacteriology no:604–615
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Carlsson J. 1967; Presence of various types of non-hemolytic streptococci in dental plaque and in other sites of the oral cavity in man. Odontologisk revy 18:55–74
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Carlsson J. 1968; A numerical taxonomic study of human oral streptococci. Odontologisk revy 19:137–160
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Clarke J. K. 1924; On the bacterial factor in the aetiology of dental caries. British Journal of Experimental Pathology 5:141–147
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Coykendall A. L. 1970; Base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid isolated from cariogenic streptoccoci. Archives of Oral Biology 15:365–368
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Coykendall A. L. 1971; Genetic heterogeneity in Streptococcus mutans. Journal of Bacteriology 106:192–196
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Coykendall A. L., Daily O. P., Kramer M. J., Beath M. E. 1971; DNA-DNA hybridization studies of Streptococcus mutans. Journal of Dental Research 50:1131–1139
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Cullen G. A. 1967; Classification of Streptococcus uberis with biochemical tests. Research in Veterinary science 8:83–88
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Deibel R. H., Yao J., Jacobs N. J., Niven C. F. 1964; Group E streptococci. I. Physiological characterization of strains isolated from swine cervical abscesses. Journal of Infectious Diseases 114:327–332
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Denhardt D. T. 1966; A membrane-filter technique for the detection of complementary DNA. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 23:641–646
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Drucker D. B., Melville T. H. 1971; The classification of some oral streptococci of human or rat origin. Archives of Oral Biology 16:845–853
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Dunny G. M., Hausner T., Clewell D. B. 1972; Buoyant densities of DNA from various strains of Streptococcus mutans. Archives of Oral Biology 17:1001–1003
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Edwardsson S. 1968; Characteristics of caries-inducing human streptococci resembling Streptococcus mutans. Archives of Oral Biology 13:637–646
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Englander H. R., Jordan H. V. 1972; Relation between Streptococcus mutans and smooth surface caries in the deciduous dentition. Journal of Dental Research 51:1505
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Fitzgerald D. B., Fitzgerald R. J. 1965; Induction of dental caries in gerbils. Archives of Oral Biology 11:139–140
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Fitzgerald R. J., Jordan H. V., Stanley H. R. 1960; Experimental caries and gingival pathologic changes in the gnotobiotic rat. Journal of Dental Research 39:923–935
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Fitzgerald R. J., Keyes P. H. 1960; Demonstration of the etiologic role of streptococci in experimental caries in the hamster. Journal of the American Dental Association 61:9–19
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Gibbons R. J. 1964; Metabolism of intracellular polysaccharide by Streptococcus mitis and its relation to inducible enzyme formation. Journal of Bacteriology 87:1512–1520
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Gibbons R. J. 1972; Presence of an invertase-like enzyme and a sucrose permeation system in strains of Streptococcus mutans. Caries Research 6:122–131
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Gibbons R. J., Banghart S. B. 1967; Synthesis of extracellular dextran by cariogenic bacteria and its presence in human dental plaque. Archives of Oral Biology 12:11–24
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Gibbons R. J., Berman K. S., Knoettner P., Kapsimalis B. 1966; Dental caries and alveolar bone loss in gnotobiotic rats infected with capsule forming streptococci of human origin. Archives of Oral Biology 11:549–560
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Gibbons R. J., Fitzgerald R. J. 1968; Dextran-induced agglutination of Streptococcus mutans and its potential role in the formation of dental plaques. Journal of Bacteriology 98:341–346
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Guggenheim B. 1968; Streptococci of dental plaques. Caries Research 2:147–163
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Guggenheim B., König K. G., Mühlemann H. R. 1965; Modifications of the oral flora and their influence on dental caries in the rat. I. The effects of inoculating 4 labelled strains of streptococci. Helvetica oclontologica acta 9:121–129
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Guggenheim B., schroeder H. E. 1967; Biochemical and morphological aspects of extracellular polysaccharides produced by cariogenic streptococci. Helvetica odontologica acta 11:131–152
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Hardie J. M., Bowden G. H. 1971; Carbohydrate components OF the cell walls of Streptococcus mutansand the possible value in serological grouping. Caries Research 6:80–81
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Hoerman K. C., Keene FI. J., Shklair I. F., Burmeister J. A. 1972; The association of Streptococcus mutans with early carious lesions in human teeth. Journal of the American Dental Association 85:1349–1352
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Krasse B. 1966; Human streptococci and experimental caries in hamsters. Archives of Oral Biology 11:429–436
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Krasse B., Jordan H. V., Svensson I., Trell L. 1968; The occurrence of certain ‘caries-inducing’ streptococci in human dental plaque material. Archives of Oral Biology 13:911–918
    [Google Scholar]
  36. Kuramitsu H. K. 1973; Characterization of invertase activity from cariogenic Streptococcus mutans. Journal of Bacteriology 115:1003–1010
    [Google Scholar]
  37. Fancefield R. C. 1933; A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci. Journal of Experimental Medicine 57:571–595
    [Google Scholar]
  38. Maclean I. H. 1927; The bacteriology of dental caries. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine 20:873–878
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Marmur J., Doty P. 1962; Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. Journal of Molecular Biology 5:109–118
    [Google Scholar]
  40. McCabe R. M., Keyes P. H., Howell A.Jun 1967; An in vitro method for assessing the plaque forming ability of oral bacteria. Archives of Oral Biology 12:1653–1656
    [Google Scholar]
  41. De Moor C. E., Thal E. 1968; Beta haemolytic streptococci of the Fancefield groups E, P and U: Streptococcus infrequens. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 34:377–387
    [Google Scholar]
  42. Newbrun E. 1972; Extracellular polysaccharides synthesized by glucosyl-transferases of oral streptococci. Caries Research 6:132–147
    [Google Scholar]
  43. Niven C. F., Smiley K. L., Sherman J. M. 1942; The hydrolysis of arginine by streptococci. Journal of Bacteriology 43:651–660
    [Google Scholar]
  44. Schildkraut C., Marmur J., Doty P. 1962; Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its buoyant density in Cscl. Journal of Molecular Biology 4:430–443
    [Google Scholar]
  45. Shklair I. L., Keene H. J., Simonson L. G. 1972; Distribution and frequency of Streptococcus mutansin caries-active individuals. Journal of Dental Research 51:882
    [Google Scholar]
  46. De Stoppelaar J. D. 1971 Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis and dental caries Thesis University of Utrecht:
    [Google Scholar]
  47. De Stoppelaar J. D., Van Houte J., Backer Dirks O. 1969; Relationship between extracellular polysaccharide-producing streptococci and smooth surface caries in 13-year-old children. Caries Research 3:190–199
    [Google Scholar]
  48. Tanzer J. M. 1972; Studies on the fate of the glucosyl moiety of sucrose metabolized by Streptococcus mutans. Journal of Dental Research 51:415–423
    [Google Scholar]
  49. Tanzer J. M., Brown A. T., McInerney M. F. 1973; Identification, preliminary characterization and evidence for regulation of invertase in Streptococcus mutans. Journal of Bacteriology 116:192–202
    [Google Scholar]
  50. Tanzer J. M., Brown A. T., Meyers K. I. 1972; Sucrose dissimilation by Streptococcus mutansindependent of glycosyl and fructosyl transferase. Program and Abstracts of Papers Fiftieth General Session International Association for Dental Research p 106
    [Google Scholar]
  51. Van Houte J., De Moor C. E., Jansen H. M. 1970; Synthesis of iodophilic polysaccharide by human oral streptococci. Archives of Oral Biology 15:263–266
    [Google Scholar]
  52. Wood J. M. 1967; A dextransucrase activity from streptococcus fa-1. Archives of Oral Biology 12:1659–1660
    [Google Scholar]
  53. Zinner D. D., Jablon J. M. 1968; Human streptococcal strains in experimental caries. In Art and science of Dented Caries Research pp 87–109 Harris R. S. Edited by New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  54. Zinner D. D., Jablon J. M., Aran A. D., Saslaw M. S. 1965; Experimental caries induced in animals by streptococci of human origin. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 118:766–770
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-83-2-327
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-83-2-327
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error