1887

Abstract

SUMMARY: Studies are reported on the distribution and salinity tolerances of populations of , a eucaryotic alga, in Great Salt Lake, Utah, U.S.A. This lake provides salinities varying from about 10 % (w/v) NaCl to saturated (greater than 30 % w/v). The alga is found throughout this salinity range, although population density varies markedly, mainly because of the influence of grazing animals in waters of low salinity. Enrichment cultures were set up using a range of salinities; at the lower salinities a wide variety of algae grew, but at the higher ones only was obtained. However, cultures derived from saturated brine and grown at salinities of around 25 % (w/v) were not optimally adapted to these conditions, but grew and photosynthesized better in 10 to 15 % (w/v) NaCl. A natural population from a saturated brine also had an optimum at a lower salinity than its habitat. It is concluded that although this eucaryotic alga is able to grow in saturated brine better than any other alga, it is not optimally adapted to these conditions and is apparently able to maintain populations at high salinity only because it meets no competition from other algae.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-89-2-285
1975-08-01
2024-04-23
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/89/2/mic-89-2-285.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-89-2-285&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Allen M. B. 1959; Studies with Cyanidium caldarium, an anomalously pigmented chlorophyte. Archiv für Mikrobiologie 32:270–277
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Ben-Amotz A., Avron M. 1973; The role of glycerol in the osmotic regulation of the halophilic alga Dunaliella parva. Plant Physiology 51:875–878
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Brock T. D. 1975a; Effect of water potential on a Microcoleus species from a desert crust. Journal of Phycology in the Press
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Brock T. D. 1975b; The effect of water potential on photosynthesis of whole lichens and on their liberated algal components. Planta in the Press
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Butcher R. W. 1959 An Introductory Account of the Smaller Algae of British Coastal Waters. Part 1. Introduction and Chlorophyceae. Ministry for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Fishery Investigations, Series IV. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office;
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Castenholz R. W. 1969; Thermophilic blue-green algae and the thermal environment. Bacteriological Reviews 33:476–504
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Corry J. E. L. 1973; The water relations and heat resistance of micro-organisms. Progress in Industrial Microbiology 12:73–108
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Gibor A. 1956; The culture of brine algae. Biological Bulletin 111:223–234
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Griffin D. M. 1972 Ecology of Soil Fungi. London: Chapman and Hall;
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Hahl D. C., Wilson M. T., Langford R. H. 1965 Physical and Chemical Hydrology of Great Salt Lake,Utah. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 525-C pp. C181–C186
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Handbook Of Chemistry And Physics 1974 Weast R. C. Edited by Cleveland, Ohio: CRC Press;
  12. Hof T., Fremy P. 1933; On Myxophyceae living in strong brines. Recueil des travaux botaniques Neerlandais 30:140–161
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Johnson M. K., Johnson E. J., Macelroy R. D., Speer H. L., Bruff B. S. 1968; Effects of salts on the halophilic alga Dunaliella viridis. Journal of Bacteriology 95:1461–1468
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kirkpatrick R. 1934 The life of Great Salt Lake with special reference to the algae. MSc. thesis University of Utah, Salt Lake City:
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Kushner D. J. 1968; Halophilic bacteria. Advances in Applied Microbiology 10:73–99
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Lang A. R. G. 1967; Osmotic coefficients and water potentials of sodium chloride solutions from o to 40 C. Australian Journal of Chemistry 20:2017–2023
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Langbein W. B. 1961 Salinity and Hydrology of Closed Lakes. U.S.: Geological Survey Professional Paper 412
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Larsen H. 1967; Biochemical aspects of extreme halophilism. Advances in Microbial Physiology 1:97–132
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Lerche W. 1937; Untersuchungen iiber Entwicklung und Fortpflanzung in der Gattung Dunaliella. Archiv fur Protistenkunde 88:236–268
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Madison R. J. 1970 Effects of a Causeway on the Chemistry of the Brine in Great Salt Lake,Utah. Water- Resources Bulletin 14 Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey; Salt Lake City, Utah:
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Scott W. J. 1957; Water relations of food spoilage microorganisms. Advances in Food Research 7:83–127
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Smith G. M. 1950 The Fresh-water Algae of the United States., 2nd edn.. New York: McGraw-Hill;
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Smith D. W., Brock T. D. 1973; The water relations of the alga Cyanidium caldarium in soil. Journal of General Microbiology 79:219–231
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Teodoresco E. C. 1905; Organisation et développement du Dunaliella, nouveau genre de Volvocacée- Polyblepharidée. Beihefte zum Botanischen Zentralblatt 18:215–232
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Teodoresco E. C. 1906; Observations morphologiques et biologiques sur le genre Dunaliella. Revue generate de botanique 18:353–371
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Van Auken O. W., Mcnulty I. B. 1973; The effect of environmental factors on the growth of a halophytic species of algae. Biological Bulletin 145:210–222
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Volcani B. E. 1944; The microorganisms of the Dead Sea. In Papers Collected to Commemorate the 70th Anniversary of Dr. Chaim Weizmann pp. 71–85 Rehovoth, Israel: Daniel Sieff Research Institute;
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Wegmann K. 1971; Osmotic regulation of photosynthetic glycerol production in Dunaliella. Biochimica et biophysica acta 234:317–323
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Whelan J. A., Stauffer N. 1972 Preliminary Report on Possible Solutions to ‘Fill Effect’ Causing Dilution of South Arm Brines and Concentration of North Arm Brines, Great Salt Lake Utah. Special Studies 40 Utah Geological and Mineralogical Survey; Salt Lake City Utah:
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Zahl P. A. 1967; Life in a ‘dead’ sea-Great Salt Lake. National Geographical Magazine 132:252–263
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-89-2-285
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-89-2-285
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error