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 Editor's Choice f uses the Ail outer membrane protein to recruit vitronectin

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  • , the agent of plague, requires the Ail (attachment invasion locus) outer membrane protein to survive in the blood and tissues of its mammalian hosts. Ail is important for both attachment to host cells and for resistance to complement-dependent bacteriolysis. Previous studies have shown that Ail interacts with components of the extracellular matrix, including fibronectin, laminin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans, and with the complement inhibitor C4b-binding protein. Here, we demonstrate that Ail-expressing strains bind vitronectin – a host protein with functions in cell attachment, fibrinolysis and inhibition of the complement system. The Ail-dependent recruitment of vitronectin resulted in efficient cleavage of vitronectin by the outer membrane Pla (plasminogen activator protease). DH5α expressing Ail bound vitronectin, but not heat-treated vitronectin. The ability of Ail to directly bind vitronectin was demonstrated by ELISA using purified refolded Ail in nanodiscs.

  • Edited by: P. Oyston

  • Abbreviations:
    C4BP C4b-binding protein
    ECM extracellular matrix
    HBS heparin-binding site
    HIS heat-inactivated sera
    MAC membrane attack complex
    NHS normal human sera
    PAI plasminogen activator inhibitor
    T3SS type III secretion system

© 2015 The Authors

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2015-11-01
2019-02-16
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