1887

Abstract

The whole-genome sequence of the multiply antibiotic resistant isolate RCH51 belonging to sequence type ST103 (Institut Pasteur scheme) revealed that the set of genes at the capsule locus, KL24, includes four genes predicted to direct the synthesis of 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy--galactose (-Fuc3NAc), and this sugar was found in the capsular polysaccharide (CPS). One of these genes, , encodes a novel bifunctional protein with an N-terminal FdtA 3,4-ketoisomerase domain and a C-terminal acetyltransferase domain. KL24 lacks a gene encoding a Wzy polymerase to link the oligosaccharide K units to form the CPS found associated with isolate RCH51, and a gene was found in a small genomic island (GI) near the gene. This GI is in precisely the same location as another GI carrying and genes recently found in several isolates, but it does not otherwise resemble it. The CPS isolated from RCH51, studied by sugar analysis and 1D and 2D H and C NMR spectroscopy, revealed that the K unit has a branched pentasaccharide structure made up of Gal, GalNAc and GlcNAc residues with -Fuc3NAc as a side branch, and the K units are linked via a β- GlcNAc→3)-β--Gal linkage formed by the Wzy encoded by the GI. The functions of the glycosyltransferases encoded by KL24 were assigned to formation of specific bonds. A correspondence between the order of the genes in KL24 and other KL and the order of the linkages they form was noted, and this may be useful in future predictions of glycosyltransferase specificities.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.000430
2017-03-01
2024-03-29
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/163/3/355.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.000430&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Russo TA, Luke NR, Beanan JM, Olson R, Sauberan SL et al. The K1 capsular polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii strain 307-0294 is a major virulence factor. Infect Immun 2010; 78:3993–4000 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Geisinger E, Isberg RR. Antibiotic modulation of capsular exopolysaccharide and virulence in Acinetobacter baumannii. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11:e1004691 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Kenyon JJ, Hall RM. Variation in the complex carbohydrate biosynthesis loci of Acinetobacter baumannii genomes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62160 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Hu D, Liu B, Dijkshoorn L, Wang L, Reeves PR. Diversity in the major polysaccharide antigen of Acinetobacter baumannii assessed by DNA sequencing, and development of a molecular serotyping scheme. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70329 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Kenyon JJ, Marzaioli AM, De Castro C, Hall RM. 5,7-di-N-acetyl-acinetaminic acid: a novel non-2-ulosonic acid found in the capsule of an Acinetobacter baumannii isolate. Glycobiology 2015; 25:644–654 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Holt K, Kenyon JJ, Hamidian M, Schultz MB, Pickard DJ et al. Five decades of genome evolution in the globally distributed, extensively antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii global clone 1. Microb Genom 2016; 2: [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Schultz M, Thanh D, Hoan N, Wick RR, Ingle DJ et al. Repeated local emergence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a single hospital ward. Microbial Genomics 2016; 2: [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Shashkov AS, Kenyon JJ, Arbatsky NP, Shneider MM, Popova AV et al. Related structures of neutral capsular polysaccharides of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates that carry related capsule gene clusters KL43, KL47, and KL88. Carbohydr Res 2016; 435:173–179 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Kenyon JJ, Marzaioli AM, Hall RM, De Castro C. Structure of the K2 capsule associated with the KL2 gene cluster of Acinetobacter baumannii. Glycobiology 2014; 24:554–563 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Vinogradov E, Maclean L, Xu HH, Chen W. The structure of the polysaccharide isolated from Acinetobacter baumannii strain LAC-4. Carbohydr Res 2014; 390:42–45 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Kenyon JJ, Speciale I, Hall RM, De Castro C. Structure of repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide from Acinetobacter baumannii D78 and assignment of the K4 gene cluster. Carbohydr Res 2016; 434:12–17 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Kenyon JJ, Shneider MM, Senchenkova SN, Shashkov AS, Siniagina MN et al. K19 capsular polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii is produced via a Wzy polymerase encoded in a small genomic island rather than the KL19 capsule gene cluster. Microbiology 2016; 162:1479–1489 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Senchenkova SN, Shashkov AS, Popova AV, Shneider MM, Arbatsky NP et al. Structure elucidation of the capsular polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii AB5075 having the KL25 capsule biosynthesis locus. Carbohydr Res 2015; 408:8–11 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Shashkov AS, Senchenkova SN, Popova AV, Mei Z, Shneider MM et al. Revised structure of the capsular polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii LUH5533 (serogroup O1) containing di-N-acetyllegionaminic acid. Russ Chem B+ 2015; 64:1196–1199 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Shashkov AS, Kenyon JJ, Senchenkova SN, Shneider MM, Popova AV et al. Acinetobacter baumannii K27 and K44 capsular polysaccharides have the same K unit but different structures due to the presence of distinct wzy genes in otherwise closely related K gene clusters. Glycobiology 2015; 26:501–508 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Kenyon JJ, Marzaioli AM, Hall RM, De Castro C. Structure of the K12 capsule containing 5,7-di-N-acetylacinetaminic acid from Acinetobacter baumannii isolate D36. Glycobiology 2015; 25:881–887 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Hamidian M, Nigro SJ, Hall RM. Variants of the gentamicin and tobramycin resistance plasmid pRAY are widely distributed in Acinetobacter. J Antimicrob Chemother 2012; 67:2833–2836 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Westphal O, Jann K. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides: extraction with phenol-water and further applications of the procedure. In Whistler R. (editor) Methods in Carbohydrate Chemistry New York: Academic press; 1965 pp. 83–91
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Leontein K, Lönngren J. Determination of the absolute configuration of sugars by gas–liquid chromatography of their acetylated 2-octyl glycosides. Meth Carbohydr Chem 1993; 9:87–89
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Kenyon JJ, Nigro SJ, Hall RM. Variation in the OC locus of Acinetobacter baumannii genomes predicts extensive structural diversity in the lipooligosaccharide. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107833 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Pfoestl A, Hofinger A, Kosma P, Messner P. Biosynthesis of dTDP-3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-α-d-galactose in Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus L420-91T. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:26410–26417 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Thoden JB, Vinogradov E, Gilbert M, Salinger AJ, Holden HM. Bacterial sugar 3,4-ketoisomerases: structural insight into product stereochemistry. Biochemistry 2015; 54:4495–4506 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Chantigian DP, Thoden JB, Holden HM. Structural and biochemical characterization of a bifunctional ketoisomerase/N-acetyltransferase from Shewanella denitrificans. Biochemistry 2013; 52:8374–8385 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Shashkov AS, Kenyon JJ, Arbatsky NP, Shneider MM, Popova AV et al. Structures of three different neutral polysaccharides of Acinetobacter baumannii, NIPH190, NIPH201, and NIPH615, assigned to K30, K45, and K48 capsule types, respectively, based on capsule biosynthesis gene clusters. Carbohydr Res 2015; 417:81–88 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Lipkind GM, Shashkov AS, Mamyan SS, Kochetkov NK. The nuclear overhauser effect and structural factors determining the conformations of disaccharide glycosides. Carbohydr Res 1988; 181:1–12 [View Article]
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Jonsson KH, Weintraub A, Widmalm G. Structural determination of the O-antigenic polysaccharide from Escherichia coli O74. Carbohydr Res 2009; 344:1592–1595 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Haseley SR, Wilkinson SG. Structural studies of the putative O-specific polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii O2 containing 3,6-dideoxy-3-N-(d-3-hydroxybutyryl)amino-d-galactose. Eur J Biochem 1995; 233:899–906 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Harding CM, Nasr MA, Kinsella RL, Scott NE, Foster LJ et al. Acinetobacter strains carry two functional oligosaccharyltransferases, one devoted exclusively to type IV pilin, and the other one dedicated to O-glycosylation of multiple proteins. Mol Microbiol 2015; 96:1023–1041 [View Article][PubMed]
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.000430
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.000430
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error