RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Hviid, Anne-Mette Meisner A1 Ruhdal-Jensen, Peter A1 Kilstrup, MogensYR 2017 T1 Butanol is cytotoxic to Lactococcus lactis while ethanol and hexanol are cytostatic JF Microbiology, VO 163 IS 4 SP 453 OP 461 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.000441 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1465-2080, AB Lactic acid bacteria currently used extensively by the dairy industry have a superior tolerance towards short-chain alcohols, which makes them interesting targets for use in future bio-refineries. The mechanism underlying the alcohol tolerance of lactic acid bacteria has so far received little attention. In the present study, the physiological alcohol stress response of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363 towards the primary, even-chain alcohols ethanol, butanol and hexanol, was characterized. The alcohol tolerance of L. lactis was found to be comparable to those reported for highly alcohol-resistant lactic acid bacteria. Combined results from alcohol survival rate, live/dead staining, and a novel usage of the β-galactosidase assay, revealed that while high concentrations of ethanol and hexanol were cytostatic to L. lactis, high concentrations of butanol were cytotoxic, causing irreparable damages to the cell membrane., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.000441