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Volume 164, Issue 2

Increased productivity in poultry birds by sub-lethal dose of antibiotics is arbitrated by selective enrichment of gut microbiota, particularly short-chain fatty acid producers Free

Abstract

Antibiotics are widely used at sub-lethal concentrations as a feed supplement to enhance poultry productivity. To understand antibiotic-induced temporal changes in the structure and function of gut microbiota of chicken, two flocks were maintained for six weeks on a carbohydrate- and protein-rich diet. The feed in the conventional diet (CD) group was supplemented with sub-lethal doses of chlorotetracycline, virginiamycin and amoxicillin, while the organic diet (OD) had no such addition. Antibiotic-fed birds were more productive, with a lower feed conversion ratio (FCR). Their faecal samples also had higher total heterotrophic bacterial load and antibiotic resistance capability. Deep sequencing of 16S rDNA V1-V2 amplicons revealed as the most dominant phylum at all time points, with the predominant presence of members in the OD group. The productivity indicator, i.e. higher : ratio, particularly in the late growth phase, was more marked in CD amplicon sequences, which was supported by culture-based enumerations on selective media. CD datasets also showed the prevalence of known butyrate-producing genera such as , , , and , which correlates closely with their higher PICRUSt-based predicted ‘glycan biosynthesis and metabolism’-related Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) orthologues. Semi-quantitative end-point PCR targeting of the butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase gene also confirmed butyrate producers as being late colonizers, particularly in antibiotic-fed birds in both the CD flocks and commercial rearing farms. Thus, antibiotics preferentially enrich bacterial populations, particularly short-chain fatty acid producers that can efficiently metabolize hitherto undigestable feed material such as glycans, thereby increasing the energy budget of the host and its productivity.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing , butyrate , gut microbiota , short chain fatty acid and sub-lethal dose of antibiotics
© 2018 The Authors
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2018-02-01
2024-04-18
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Increased productivity in poultry birds by sub-lethal dose of antibiotics is arbitrated by selective enrichment of gut microbiota, particularly short-chain fatty acid producers
Microbiology 164, 142 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.000597
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.000597
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/mic.0.000597
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