
f Colony analysis and deep learning uncover 5-hydroxyindole as an inhibitor of gliding motility and iridescence in Cellulophaga lytica
- Authors: Maylis Chapelais-Baron1 , Isabelle Goubet1 , Renaud Péteri2 , Maria de Fatima Pereira1,3 , Tâm Mignot4 , Apolline Jabveneau1 , Eric Rosenfeld1
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1 1UMR 7266 CNRS- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, Microbial Physiology Group - Université de La Rochelle, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Avenue Michel Crépeau, 17042 La Rochelle, France 2 2Laboratoire Mathématiques, Image et Applications EA 3165, Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France 3 3Université de Caen Normandie, UNICAEN, CERMN - EA 4258, FR CNRS 3038 INC3M, SF 4206 ICORE Boulevard Becquerel, F-14032 Caen, France 4 4UMR 7283 CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, University of Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Eric Rosenfeld [email protected]
- First Published Online: 05 February 2018, Microbiology 164: 308-321, doi: 10.1099/mic.0.000617
- Subject: Environmental Biology
- Received:
- Accepted:
- Cover date:




Colony analysis and deep learning uncover 5-hydroxyindole as an inhibitor of gliding motility and iridescence in Cellulophaga lytica, Page 1 of 1
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Iridescence is an original type of colouration that is relatively widespread in nature but has been either incompletely described or entirely neglected in prokaryotes. Recently, we reported a brilliant ‘pointillistic’ iridescence in agar-grown colony biofilms of Cellulophaga lytica and some other marine Flavobacteria that exhibit gliding motility. Bacterial iridescence is created by a unique self-organization of sub-communities of cells, but the mechanisms underlying such living photonic crystals are unknown. In this study, we used Petri dish assays to screen a large panel of potential activators or inhibitors of C. lytica’s iridescence. Derivatives potentially interfering with quorum-sensing and other communication or biofilm formation processes were tested, as well as metabolic poisons or algal exoproducts. We identified an indole derivative, 5-hydroxyindole (5HI, 250 µM) which inhibited both gliding and iridescence at the colonial level. 5HI did not affect growth or cell respiration. At the microscopic level, phase-contrast imaging confirmed that 5HI inhibits the gliding motility of cells. Moreover, the lack of iridescence correlated with a perturbation of self-organization of the cell sub-communities in both the WT and a gliding-negative mutant. This effect was proved using recent advances in machine learning (deep neuronal networks). In addition to its effect on colony biofilms, 5HI was found to stimulate biofilm formation in microplates. Our data are compatible with possible roles of 5HI or marine analogues in the eco-biology of iridescent bacteria.
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One supplementary figure, two supplementary tables and six supplementary movies are available with the online version of this article.
- Keyword(s): cell-to-cell communication, 5-hydroxyindole, Cellulophaga lytica, gliding motility, machine learning, self-organization, deep learning, iridescence, indoles, colony biofilm, marine Flavobacteria
© 2018 The Authors
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