1887

Abstract

The human fungal pathogen responds to stress by phosphorylation of the Hog1 MAP kinase. was cloned and shown to encode the MAP kinase kinase that is involved in this activation, as determined by immunoblot analyses using antibodies that recognize the active form of the target Hog1 protein. Characterization of mutants revealed that they were sensitive to both osmotic and oxidative stress and that they, interestingly, displayed differential behaviour from that of mutants, losing viability when exposed to an oxidative challenge more rapidly than the strain. Hog1 and Pbs2 were also shown to be involved in the mechanism of adaptation to oxidative stress, as evidenced by the enhanced susceptibility to oxidants of and mutants, compared with the wild-type strain, when cells were previously exposed to a low, sub-lethal concentration of hydrogen peroxide and by the -dependent diminished activation of Hog1 MAP kinase in the adaptive process. Studies with a chimaeric Hog1–green fluorescent protein fusion revealed that this protein was localized throughout the cell (being excluded from the vacuole), but concentrated in the nucleus in response to NaCl stress, a process that was dependent on the Pbs2 protein. Both Hog1 and Pbs2 also play a role in controlling the phosphorylation state of the other MAP kinases Mkc1 and Cek1, involved respectively in cell-wall integrity and invasive growth. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that plays a role in cell-wall biogenesis in this fungal pathogen, as its deletion renders cells with an altered susceptibility to certain cell wall-interfering compounds.

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2005-04-01
2024-03-29
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