1887

Abstract

Spores of mutants of prepared on a rich medium were defective in their germination responses to -alanine, to a mixture of -asparagine, -glucose, -fructose and KC1 (AGFK), and to Penassay broth. They showed an increased response and sensitivity to alanine when monovalent cations were also present. When prepared by a resuspension method, the spores had an improved germination response to -alanine, even in the absence of these cations, but showed no such improvement in response to AGFK. No gross differences were found between wild-type and spores in heat or chemical resistance, dipicolinic acid level or morphology. It is proposed that an alternative pathway of germination involving monovalent cations exists in both wild-type and spores.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-2-221
1985-02-01
2024-05-05
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/131/2/mic-131-2-221.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-2-221&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Cheng Y. E., Fitzjames P., Aronson A. I. 1978; Characterisation of a Bacillus cereus protease mutant defective in an early stage of spore germination. Journal of Bacteriology 133:336–344
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Dring G. J., Gould G. W. 1971; Movement of potassium during l-alanine-initiated germination of Bacillus subtilis spores. In Spore Research133–141 Barker A. N., Gould G. W., Wolf. J. London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Ferrari E., Canosi U., Galizzi A., Mazza G. 1978; Studies on transduction process by SPPI phage. Journal of General Virology 41:563–572
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Gould G. 1969; Germination. In The Bacterial Spore397–444 Gould G. W., Hurst. A. London: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Hyatt M. T., Levinson H. S. 1961; Interaction of heat, glucose, l-alanine, and potassium nitrate in spore germination of Bacillus megaterium. Journal of Bacteriology 81:204–212
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Irie R., Okamoto T., Fujita T. 1982; A germination mutant of Bacillus subtilis deficient in response to glucose. Journal of General and Applied Microbiology 28:345–354
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Marmur J. 1961; A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from micro-organisms. Journal of Molecular Biology 3:208–218
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Moir A. 1981; Germination properties of a spore coat-defective mutant of Bacillus subtilis. Journal of Bacteriology 146:1106–1116
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Moir A., Lafferty E., Smith D. A. 1979; Genetic analysis of spore germination mutants of Bacillus subtilis 168: the correlation of phenotype with map location. Journal of General Microbiology 111:165–180
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Racine F. M., Skomurski J. F., Vary J. C. 1981; Alterations in Bacillus megaterium QMB1551 spore membrane with acetic anhydride and l-proline. In Sporulation and Germination224–227 Levinson H. S., Sonenshein A. L., Tipper. D. J. Washington DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Rode L. J., Foster J. W. 1962a; Ionic germination of spores of Bacillus megaterium QMB1551. Archiv fur Mikrobiologie 43:183–200
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Rode L. J., Foster J. W. 1962a; Ionic and non-ionic compounds in the germination of spores of Bacillus megaterium Texas. Archiv fur Mikrobiologie 43:201–212
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Sammons R. 1980; Studies of the initiation of spore germination in Bacillus subtilis 168PhD thesis, Birmingham University, UK..
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Sammons R. L., Moir A., Smith D. A. 1981; Isolation and properties of spore germination mutants of Bacillus subtilis 168 deficient in the initiation of germination. Journal of General Microbiology 124:229–241
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Scott I. R., Ellar D. J. 1978; Study of calcium dipicolinate release during bacterial spore germination by using a new, sensitive assay for dipicolinate. Journal of Bacteriology 135:133–137
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Smith D. A., Moir A., Sammons R. 1979; Progress in genetics of spore germination in Bacillus subtilis. In Spores VII158–163 Chambliss G., Vary. J. C. Washington: DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Splittstoesser D. F., Steinkraus K. H. 1962; Factors influencing germination and outgrowth of Bacillus popillae spores. I. Effect of potassium ions. Journal of Bacteriology 84:278–282
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Spurr A. 1969; A low viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy. Journal of Infrastructure Research 26:261–272
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Sterlini J. M., Mandelstam J. 1969; Commitment to sporulation in Bacillus subtilis and its relationship to actinomycin resistance. Biochemical Journal 113:29–37
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Taylor S. 1980; Isolation, characterisation and mapping of potential frameshift mutants of Bacillus subtilis 168. MSc thesis, University of Birmingham, UK.
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Trowsdale J., Smith D. A. 1975; Isolation, characterisation, and mapping of Bacillus subtilis 168 germination mutants. Journal of Bacteriology 123:83–95
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Waites W. M., Stansfield R., Bayuss C. 1979; The effect of sporulation medium on thestructure and heat resistance of spores of Clostridiumbifermentans. FEMS Microbiology Letters 5:365–368
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Warburg R. J. 1981; Some pleiotropic mutations affecting spore germination in Bacillus subtilis 168PhD thesis, University of Birmingham, UK..
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Warburg R. J., Moir A. 1981; Properties of a mutant of Bacillus subtilis 168 in which spore germination is blocked at a late stage. Journal of General Microbiology 124:243–253
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Wax R., Freese E., Cashel M. 1967; Separation of two functional roles of L-alanine in the initiation of Bacillus subtilis spore germination. Journal of Bacteriology 94:522–529
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Zytkovicz T. H., Halvorson H. O. 1972; Some characteristics of DPA-less mutant spores of B. cereus, B. megaterium and B. subtilis. In Spores V49–52 Halvorson H. O., Halvorson R. Hanson, Campbell L. L. Washington DC: American Society for Microbiology;
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-2-221
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-131-2-221
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error