1887

Abstract

SUMMARY:

The swelling of spores of and during germination and outgrowth was followed by measuring changes in packed cell volume (pcv) and by photomicrographic measurements of single organisms. Three stages of swelling were recognized: (1) germination swelling involving a rapid increase of about 20% in pcv as the spore germinated; (2) pre-emergence swelling of up to 100% increase in pcv before emergence from the spore coat; (3) elongation. Germination swelling was due mainly to an increase in the breadth of the spore. It occurred in the absence of oxygen and was not inhibited by nisin whereas pre-emergence swelling was oxygen-dependent and was inhibited by nisin. Post-emergence swelling occurred during elongation of the new vegetative form. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-30-3-445
1963-03-01
2024-05-05
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/30/3/mic-30-3-445.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-30-3-445&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Black S. H., Gerhardt P. 1962; Permeability of bacterial spores. III. Permeation relative to germination. J. Bact. 83:301
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Campbell L. L., Jun. 1957 Bacterial spore germination—definitions and methods of study. Spores33 Halvorson H. O. Washington D.C.: Amer. Inst. Biol. Sci;
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Campbell L. L., Sniff E. E. 1959; Effects of subtilin and nisin on the spores of Bacillus coagulans. J. Bact. 77:766
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Doi R. H., Halvorson H. 1961; Mechanism of dipicolinic acid stimulation of the soluble reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide oxidase of spores. J. Bact. 81:642
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Halvorson H. O. 1959; Symposium on initiation of bacterial growth. IV. Dormancy, germination, and outgrowth. Bact. Rev. 23:267
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Harrell W. K., Halvorson H. 1955; Studies on the role of l-alanine in the germination of spores of Bacillus terminalis. J. Bact. 69:275
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Hyatt M. T., Levinson H. S. 1957; Sulphur requirement for postgerminative development of Bacillus megaterium spores. J. Bact. 74:87
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Hyatt M. T., Levinson H. S. 1959; Utilization of phosphates in the postgerminative development of spores of Bacillus megaterium. J. Bact. 77:487
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Levinson H. S., Hyatt M. T. 1956; Correlation of respiratory activity with phases of spore germination and growth in Bacillus megaterium as influenced by manganese and l-alanine. J. Bact. 72:176
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Lewis J. C, Snell N. S., Burr H. K. 1960; Water permeability of bacterial spores and the concept of a contractile cortex. Science 132:544
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Long S. K., Williams O. B. 1958; Method for removal of vegetative cells from bacterial spore preparations. J. Bact. 76:332
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Mandels G. R., Levinson H. S., Hyatt M. T. 1956; Analysis of respiration during germination and enlargement of spores of Bacillus megaterium and of the fungus Myro-thecium verrucaria. J. gen. Physiol. 39:310
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Mol J. H. H. 1957; The temperature characteristics of spore germination and growth of Bacillus cereus. J. Appl. Bact. 20:454
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Murrell W. G. 1955 The Bacterial Endospore. Monograph: University of Sydney;
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Murrell W. G., Scott W. J. 1958; The permeability of bacterial spores to water. 7th int. Congr. Microbiol. Stockholm26
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Murty G. G. K., Halvorson H. O. 1957; Effect of enzyme inhibitors on the germination and respiration of and growth from Bacillus cereus var. terminalis spores. J. Bact. 73:230
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Powell E. O. 1957; The appearance of bacterial spores under phase-contrast illumination. J. appl. Bact. 20:342
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Powell J. F. 1950; Factors affecting the germination of thick suspensions of Bacillus subtilis spores in l-alanine solution. J. gen. Microbiol. 4:330
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Powell J. F., Strange R. E. 1953; Biochemical changes occurring during the germination of bacterial spores. Biochem. J. 54:205
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Pulvertaft R. J. V., Haynes J. A. 1951; Adenosine and spore germination; phase-contrast studies. J. gen. Microbiol. 5:657
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Robinow C. F. 1960 Morphology of bacterial spores, their development and germination. The Bacteria, a Treatise on Structure and Function. i Structure Gunsalus I. C., Stanier R. Y. New York: Academic Press;
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Rode L. J., Foster J. W. 1960; Mechanical germination of bacterial spores. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci., Wash 46:118
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Roth N. G., Lively D. H. 1956; Germination of spores of certain aerobic bacilli under anaerobic conditions. J. Bact. 71:162
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Smith N. R., Gordon R. E., Clark F. E. 1946; Aerobic mesophilic sporeforming bacteria. Misc. Publ. U.S. Dep. Agric.559
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Strange R. E., Dark F. A. 1957a; A cell-wall lytic enzyme associated with spores of Bacillus species. J. gen. Microbiol. 16:236
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Strange R. E., Dark F. A. 1957b; Cell-wall lytic enzymes at sporulation and spore germination in Bacillus species. J. gen. Microbiol. 17:525
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Takagi A., Kawata T., Yamamoto S. 1960; Electron microscope studies on ultrathin sections of spores of the Clostridium group, with special reference to the sporulation and germination process. J. Bact. 80:37
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Wolf J., Mahmoud S. A. Z. 1957; The germination and enzymic activities of Bacillus spores at low temperatures. J. appl. Bact. 20:124
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-30-3-445
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-30-3-445
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error