1887

Abstract

SUMMARY: The activity of the electron-transport enzymes of baker's yeast or brewer's bottom yeast, grown under anaerobic conditions, was very low. When anaerobic baker's yeast was cultured aerobically to the mid-exponential phase with limited carbon source, the activity of the electron-transport enzymes increased 3- to 10-fold and, correspondingly, the activity in the stationary phase rose 10- to 50-fold. For brewer's bottom yeast the increase of activity induced by oxygen in the aerobic stationary phase was only about 3- to 4-fold and the activity was clearly lower than that of baker's yeast. The activity of the electron-transport enzymes accumulated in the 10,000 sediment, which under aerobic conditions contained 60-80% of the total activity; the NADPH oxidase system formed an exception. The activity of the enzymes of the citric acid cycle also increased under aerobic conditions but only 2- to 10-fold in baker's yeast of the aerobic stationary phase; in brewer's bottom yeast the increase during oxygen adaptation was proportionally greater. The bulk of the enzymes of the citric acid cycle were found in the postmitochondrial supernatant, while the 10,000 sediment contained 20 to 40% of the total activity.

The 10,000 sediment of anaerobically grown baker's yeast contained mitochondrial precursors, while the 10,000 sediment from the aerobic exponential phase contained mitochondria with a more developed structure, showing a respiratory control ratio of 1.4-1.7 with several substrates. The internal structure of the mitochondria was not completely developed until the aerobic stationary phase, where the uptake of oxygen with several substrates also increased many fold.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-53-2-275
1968-09-01
2024-05-02
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/micro/53/2/mic-53-2-275.html?itemId=/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-53-2-275&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Anfinsen C. B. 1955; Aconitase from pig heart muscle.. Meth. Enzymol 1:695
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Biggs D. R., Linnane A. W. 1963; The effect of oxygen on the composition and organisation of the electron transport system of yeast.. Biochim. biophys. Acta 78:785
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Chantrenne H. 1955; Peroxydases induites par l’oxygène chez la levure.. Biochim. biophys. Acta 18:58
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Cooperstein S. J., Lazarow A. 1951; A microspectrophotometric method for the determination of cytochrome oxidase.. J. biol. Chem 189:665
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Duell E. A., Inoue S., Utter M. F. 1964; Isolation and properties of intact mitochondria from spheroplasts of yeast.. J. Bact 88:1762
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Green D. E., Ziegler D. M. 1963; Electron transport particles.. Meth. Enzymol 6:416
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Hogeboom G. H., Schneider W. C. 1950; Cytochemical studies of mammalian tissues. III. Isocitric dehydrogenase and triphosphopyridine nucleotide-cytochrome c reductase of mouse liver.. J. biol. Chem 186:417
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Jayaraman J., Cotman C., Mahler H. R., Sharp C. W. 1966; Biochemical correlates of respiratory deficiency. VII. Glucose repression.. Arch. Biochem. Biophys 116:224
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Kornberg A. 1955a; Isocitric dehydrogenase of yeast (TPN). Meth. Enzymol 1:705
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Kornberg A. 1955b; Isocitric dehydrogenase of yeast (DPN).. Meth. Enzymol 1:707
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Linnane A. W., Vitols E., Nowland P. G. 1962; Studies on the origin of yeast mitochondria.. J. cell. Biol 13:345
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Mackler B., Collipp P. J., Duncan H. M., Rao N. A., Huennekens F. M. 1962; An electron transport particle from yeast: purification and properties.. J. biol. Chem 237:2968
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Mahler H. R., Mackler B., Grandchamp S., Slonimski P. P. 1964; Biochemical correlates of respiratory deficiency. I. The isolation of a respiratory particle.. Biochemistry 3:668
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Massey V. 1955; Fumarase. Meth. Enzymol 1:729
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Nurminen T., Oura E., Suomalainen H. 1965; Preparation of protoplasts from baker’s yeast.. Suomen Kemistilehti 38B:282
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Nurminen T., Suomalainen H. 1967; Respiratory enzyme activities of anaerobically and aerobically grown baker’s and brewer’s yeast. Federation of European Biochemical Societies, Fourth Meeting, Oslo 1967. Abstr. CommunIII
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Ochoa S. 1955; Malic dehydrogenase from pig heart. Meth. Enzymol 1:735
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Ohnishi T., Kawaguchi K., Hagihara B. 1966; Preparation and some properties of yeast mitochondria.. J. biol. Chem 241:1797
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Polakis E. S., Bartley W., Meek G. A. 1964; Changes in the structure and enzyme activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in response to changes in the environment.. Biochem. J 90:369
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Polakis E. S., Bartley W., Meek G. A. 1965; Changes in the activities of respiratory enzymes during the aerobic growth of yeast on different carbon sources.. Biochem. J 97:298
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Rabinowitz M., DeBernard B. 1957; Studies on the electron transport system. X. Preparation and spectral properties of a particulate DPNH and succinate cytochrome c reductase from heart muscle.. Biochim. biophys. Acta 26:22
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Racker E. 1950; Spectrophotometric measurements of the enzymatic formation of fumaric and cis-aconitic acids.. Biochim. biophys. Acta 4:211
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Racusen D., Johnstone D. B. 1961; Estimation of protein in cellular material.. Nature, Lond 191:492
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Schatz G. 1963; The isolation of possible mitochondrial precursor structures from aerobically grown baker’s yeast.. Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun 12:448
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Schatz G., Klima J. 1964; Triphosphopyridine nucleotide: cytochrome c reductase, of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a ‘microsomal’ enzyme.. Biochim. biophys. Acta 81:448
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Schatz G., Tuppy H., Klima J. 1963; Trennung und Charakterisierung cytoplasmatischer Partikel aus normaler und atmungsdefekter Bäckerhefe.. Z. Naturforsch 18b:145
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Schuurmans Stekhoven F. M. A. H. 1966; Studies on yeast mitochondria. 1. Existence of three phosphorylation sites along the respiratory chain of isolated yeast mitochondria.. Arch. Biochem. Biophys 115:555
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Suomalainen H., Nurminen T., Oura E. 1967; Leakage of some enzymes and cofactors from the cell during the preparation of protoplasts from baker’s yeast.. Arch. Biochem. Biophys 118:219
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Tustanoff E. R., Bartley W. 1962; Development of respiration in anaerobically grown yeast.. Biochem. J 84:40
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Wallace P. G., Linnane A. W. 1964; Oxygen-induced synthesis of yeast mitochondria.. Nature, Lond 201:1191
    [Google Scholar]
  31. White J. 1954 Yeast Technology104 London: Chapman and Hall.;
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Vitols E., Linnane A. W. 1961; Studies on the oxidative metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. II. Morphology and oxidative phosphorylation capacity of mitochondria and derived particles from baker’s yeast.. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol 9:701
    [Google Scholar]
  33. Vitols E., North R. J., Linnane A. W. 1961; Studies on the oxidative metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. I. Observations on the fine structure of the yeast cell.. J. biophys. biochem. Cytol 9:689
    [Google Scholar]
  34. Yonetani T., Ray G. S. 1965; Studies on cytochrome oxidase.. J. biol. Chem 240:3392
    [Google Scholar]
  35. Yotsuyanagi Y. 1962; Etudes sur le chondriome de la levure. 1. Variation de l’ultrastructure du chondriome au cours du cycle de la croissance aérobie.. J. Ultrastruct. Res 7:121
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-53-2-275
Loading
/content/journal/micro/10.1099/00221287-53-2-275
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error