- Volume 42, Issue 2, 1966
Volume 42, Issue 2, 1966
- Article
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The Effect of Substituted Phenoxyacetic and Phenoxybutyric Acids on the Growth and Respiration of Aspergillus Niger
More LessSUMMARY: Substituted phenoxyacetic and phenoxybutyric acids stimulated growth of Aspergillus niger at low concentrations (10-6 M) and inhibited growth at higher concentrations (10-4 M). The inhibition of growth was paralleled by an inhibition of endogenous and mitochondrial respiration. The main site of inhibition appears to be at that part of the respiratory chain which involves ubiquinone.
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The Effect of Substituted Phenoxyacetic and Phenoxybutyric Acids on the Growth and Respiration of Aspergillus Niger
More LessSUMMARY: Substituted phenoxyacetic and phenoxybutyric acids stimulated growth of Aspergillus niger at low concentrations (10-6 M) and inhibited growth at higher concentrations (10-4 M). The inhibition of growth was paralleled by an inhibition of endogenous and mitochondrial respiration. The main site of inhibition appears to be at that part of the respiratory chain which involves ubiquinone.
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The Internal Membranes of Caulobacter Crescentus
More LessSUMMARY: The intracytoplasmic membranous structures previously observed in various caulobacter species by electron microscopy of thin sections were studied further by electron microscopy of whole organisms of Caulobacter crescentus negatively stained with phosphotungstate. The large, complex mesosomes are intrusions of the cell membrane. They appeared, from their central location in dividing cells, to play a role in division. Smaller and less involuted intrusions of the membrane became abundant in oxygen-limited cells, which also had an abnormally high content of haem pigments. These smaller intrusions may therefore be a structural reflexion of an increased content in the membrane of components of the respiratory electron transport system. The membranous organelle which occurred at the site of stalk formation and appeared to be connected with the membranous core of the stalk was not penetrated by phosphotungstate, and therefore had an organization different from that of the mesosome.
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The Internal Membranes of Caulobacter Crescentus
More LessSUMMARY: The intracytoplasmic membranous structures previously observed in various caulobacter species by electron microscopy of thin sections were studied further by electron microscopy of whole organisms of Caulobacter crescentus negatively stained with phosphotungstate. The large, complex mesosomes are intrusions of the cell membrane. They appeared, from their central location in dividing cells, to play a role in division. Smaller and less involuted intrusions of the membrane became abundant in oxygen-limited cells, which also had an abnormally high content of haem pigments. These smaller intrusions may therefore be a structural reflexion of an increased content in the membrane of components of the respiratory electron transport system. The membranous organelle which occurred at the site of stalk formation and appeared to be connected with the membranous core of the stalk was not penetrated by phosphotungstate, and therefore had an organization different from that of the mesosome.
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The Action of Chloroform-killed Suspensions of Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli on Ligated Rabbit-gut Segments
More LessSUMMARY: Suspensions of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and organisms of the same O-antigen group were tested for ability to cause dilatation of the ligated gut segment of rabbit small intestine. Suspensions treated with penicillin or by disintegration in a Mickle shaker were unsuccessful, since it was impossible to obtain sterile material. Suspensions killed with toluene did not cause dilatation, but chloroform-killed cultures did so when the living culture also gave a positive reaction, whereas chloroform-killed cultures of negative living strains were also negative. Chloroform-killed positive suspensions lost their gut-dilatation effect on keeping; this loss ran parallel to loss of esterase activity, though the esterase was not responsible for the dilatation effect.
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The Action of Chloroform-killed Suspensions of Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli on Ligated Rabbit-gut Segments
More LessSUMMARY: Suspensions of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and organisms of the same O-antigen group were tested for ability to cause dilatation of the ligated gut segment of rabbit small intestine. Suspensions treated with penicillin or by disintegration in a Mickle shaker were unsuccessful, since it was impossible to obtain sterile material. Suspensions killed with toluene did not cause dilatation, but chloroform-killed cultures did so when the living culture also gave a positive reaction, whereas chloroform-killed cultures of negative living strains were also negative. Chloroform-killed positive suspensions lost their gut-dilatation effect on keeping; this loss ran parallel to loss of esterase activity, though the esterase was not responsible for the dilatation effect.
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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci: Genetics of the Minority Population
More LessSUMMARY: A methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus (no. 5982) contained cocci with differing intrinsic resistances to methicillin. Most of the population was slightly more resistant than a typical methicillin-sensitive staphylococcal isolate, but a few were mutants with ability to grow at markedly increased concentrations of methicillin (500 μg./ml. or more). Penicillinase production was not essential for methicillin resistance since a penicillinase-negative variant of strain 5982 was able to produce penicillinase-negative strains with high degrees of methicillin resistance. Methicillin-sensitive strains also gave rise to mutants with increased intrinsic resistance to methicillin, but, in the mutants from methicillin-resistant strains, the increase in resistance was much greater. The mutants were characteristically slower growing than the wild type. Many were small colony variants which reverted to the parent type when passed in liquid media. With 5% NaCl-methicillin plates strain 5982 exhibited a phenotypic increase in resistance. On such plates a few L-type colonies were produced at high concentrations of methicillin.
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Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci: Genetics of the Minority Population
More LessSUMMARY: A methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus (no. 5982) contained cocci with differing intrinsic resistances to methicillin. Most of the population was slightly more resistant than a typical methicillin-sensitive staphylococcal isolate, but a few were mutants with ability to grow at markedly increased concentrations of methicillin (500 μg./ml. or more). Penicillinase production was not essential for methicillin resistance since a penicillinase-negative variant of strain 5982 was able to produce penicillinase-negative strains with high degrees of methicillin resistance. Methicillin-sensitive strains also gave rise to mutants with increased intrinsic resistance to methicillin, but, in the mutants from methicillin-resistant strains, the increase in resistance was much greater. The mutants were characteristically slower growing than the wild type. Many were small colony variants which reverted to the parent type when passed in liquid media. With 5% NaCl-methicillin plates strain 5982 exhibited a phenotypic increase in resistance. On such plates a few L-type colonies were produced at high concentrations of methicillin.
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- The Early History Of The Society For General Microbiology
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